城市低保政策基层实施过程中多主体行动分析

An Analysis of Multi Agent Actions in the Implementation of Urban Minimum Living Allowance Policies at the Grassroots Level

在基层低保政策实施和监管的过程中,作为政策行动者的街道办、社区居委会和低保专干共同实践着低保政策所制定的规范流程。而作为政策对象的低保户也从自身的视角,参与到政策互动过程中,产生了特殊的影响。由此可见,低保政策实施中的多元政策行动主体,基于其不同的政策理解考量而展开的政策行动直接影响到政策的落地实施,有时也会引发低保政策的执行目标发生偏移,正是在规范性和变通性的动态转换之间,城市低保政策显示出其基层运作和实践逻辑。而且,上述多元主体的行动策略,使得低保政策展现出一种自我生长的过程,形成了具有自我修复能力的包容性政策执行模式,促使低保政策执行从流程链条转换为政策执行的共生系统。在此意义上,政策执行模式的更新能力和自我调适能力都亟待进一步提高。

In the process of implementing and supervising the minimum living allowance policy at the grassroots level,the neighborhood offices,community neighborhood committees,and minimum living allowance professionals,as policy actors,are jointly practicing the standardized process of formulating the minimum living allowance policy.As the target of the policy,low-income households also participate in the process of policy interaction from their own perspective and have special impact.It can be seen that the diverse policy actors in the implementation of the minimum living allowance policy,based on their different policy understanding considerations,carry out policy actions that directly affect the implementation of the policy,and sometimes lead to deviations in the implementation goals of the minimum living allowance policy.It is precisely between the dynamic transformation of standardization and flexibility that urban minimum living allowance policies demonstrate their grassroots operation and practical logic.Moreover,the above-mentioned multi-agent action strategies have enabled the minimum living allowance policy to exhibit a process of self-growth,forming an inclusive policy implementation model with self-healing capabilities,and promoting the transformation of the minimum living allowance policy implementation from a process chain to a symbiotic system of policy implementation.In this sense,the updating ability and self-adjusting ability of the policy implementation model need to be further improved.