公序良俗原则确立与《民法典》的人文升华

The Establishment of the Principle of“Public Order and Good Custom”and the Humanistic Sublimation of Chinese Civil Code

《民法典》确立公序良俗原则,意味着既确认“习惯”“公序良俗”为民事法源,又确认“公序良俗”为习惯法源的是非标准,这一进步的历史意义在于承认民间社会生活自发生成的规矩秩序为民事补充法源,承认人民大众有集体无意识参与民事法源创制的权利。这既是从苏维埃法制理念向当代世界法治理念的升华,也是回归中华人文价值暨世界共同价值的升华。这一进步意义可以从公序良俗作为习惯法源之“宪法”、确立公序良俗原则的政治变革意义、当前民事立法司法的公序良俗省察、通过风俗习惯认识和把握公序良俗等角度入手作分析解说。

The Chinese Civil Code establishes the principle of“public order and good customs”,which means recognizing“custom”and“public order and good custom”as sources of civil law and confirming that“public order and good custom”is the criterion for selecting the source of customary law.The historical significance of this progress lies in the recognition of the self-generated rules and order in civil society life as the source of supplementary civil law and acknowledging that people have the collective power to unconsciously participate in the creation of civil law.This is a sublimation from the Soviet legal concept to the modern world legal concept and a return to the values of Chinese culture and the common values of the world.The significance of this progress can be analyzed and explained from various perspectives.