对曼德尔长波理论的三重维度解读

Three-dimensional Interpretation of Mandel's Long Wave Theory

在研究资本主义长波的众多理论中,曼德尔给出了一个马克思主义的解释。他的长波理论呈现出三重维度:第一重维度是在固定资本更新论的基础上突出技术视角,围绕技术与利润率的互动关系展开阐述;第二重维度是基于辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义,从方法论层次提出了半自主的中间变量,将资本主义的生产方式规律与外生因素有机结合,力求实现总资本的运动逻辑与具体历史的统一;第三重维度是将长波置于整个资本主义发展的历史长河中,提出了超级长波—长波-工业周期的框架,表明在资本主义结构性危机背景下,扩张长波实现的困难反映了资本主义生产关系的恶化。曼德尔从技术与利润率、内生因素与外生因素、生产力与生产关系三重维度构建的长波理论为认识资本主义的未来发展和世界百年未有之大变局提供了有益的视角。

Among a lot of theories that study the long wave of capitalism,Mandel offers a Marxist explanation.His long wave theory presents three dimensions:the first dimension is to highlight the technical perspective based on the renewal theory of fixed capital,and to elaborate on the interactive relationship between profit rate and technology;the second dimension is based on dialectical materialism and historical materialism,and proposes partially independent variables,combines the laws of capitalist production methods with exogenous factors,and strives to achieve the unity of the movement logic of total capital and specific history;the third dimension is to place the long wave in the entire history of capitalist development,and proposes a super long wave-long wave-industrial cycle framework,indicating that the difficulty in realizing the long wave expansion reflects the deterioration of capitalist production relations in the context of capitalist structural crisis.Mandel's long wave theory,constructed from the three dimensions of technology and profit rate,endogenous and exogenous factors,and productivity and production relations,provides a useful perspective for understanding the future development of capitalism and the major changes that seldom occurred.