西汉诸侯王墓园邑制度的几个问题——以长沙走马楼西汉简牍为中心

Some Issues Concerning the Vassal Mausoleum Town System of the Western Han:Focusing on Western Han Bamboo and Wooden Slips from Zoumalou,Changsha

20世纪以来,西汉诸侯王墓的调查勘探和考古发掘取得丰硕成果,地下部分的墓坑(岩洞)、墓室、棺椁,以及从葬坑、祔葬墓、陪葬墓等已较为清楚。而对于诸侯王墓的地面建制,刘振东[1]、郑绍宗[2]、刘瑞[3]、刘尊志[4]等学者及《中国考古学·秦汉卷》[5]先后进行过探讨,但是囿于史料缺乏和地面建筑遗存发现较少,似还缺乏充分的讨论。最近陈杰等对西汉长沙王的墓葬制度进行了研究[6],不过未涉及新公布的长沙走马楼简牍资料。

The underground section of Western Han Dynasty vassal mausoleums has been made relatively clear through archaeological excavations,but there have been few discoveries of above-ground architectural remains except for earthen mounds,and historical records are also unclear on the matter.In 2003,a batch of Western Han Dynasty bamboo and wooden slips unearthed from J8 at Zoumalou in Changsha City recorded King Ding's Mausoleum courtyards,towns,and temples of the Changsha state,and thus provides new and significant data for studying the mausoleum town system of Western Han Dynasty vassals.Based on the Western Han Dynasty bamboo and wooden slips from Zoumalou,alongside archaeological excavation data and texts on seals and seal clays,this article discusses the system of mausoleum courtyards,towns,palaces,and temples of the Western Han Dynasty vassals.