洋葱种子消毒和无菌苗培养新方法

A New Method for Onion Seed Disinfection and Aseptic Seedling Culture

为了获得简便、高效、低污染的洋葱种子消毒及无菌苗培养方法,通过控制植物组培抗菌剂(PPM)的pH值、消毒浸泡时间及培养浓度,对洋葱种子消毒及无菌苗培养进行研究。结果表明,PPM(20 mL/L,pH 2)浸种24-48 h消毒效果可以达到10%NaClO消毒10 min水平,且不影响种子发芽,8 d发芽势超过90%。污染微生物分析鉴定了4种真菌(Alternaria alternata、Fusarium proliferatum、Fusarium oxysporum、Stemphylium vesicarium)和2种细菌(Phytobacter diazotrophicus、Atlantibacter hermannii)可以通过洋葱种子进行传播,抑菌试验明确了PPM可有效的抑制污染微生物的生长。培养基中添加PPM可以有效的降低污染率,高浓度PPM(1-9 mL/L)可以抑制洋葱幼苗的生长,而低浓度PPM(0-0.5 mL/L)对洋葱幼苗生长无明显抑制作用。探索开发了一套操作简便无需繁琐冲洗的洋葱种子消毒以及高发芽率、低污染率无菌苗培养方法。

This work aims to obtain a simple,efficient and low-contamination method for onion seed disinfection and aseptic seedling culture.The sterilization of onion seeds and the culture of sterile seedlings were studied by controlling the pH value,disinfection soaking time and culture concentration of plant preservative mixture(PPM).The results showed that the disinfection effect of soaking seeds in PPM(20 mL/L,pH=2)for 24-48 h reached the level of 10%NaClO disinfection for 10 min,which did not affect seed germination,and the germination potential exceeded 90%in 8 d.The analysis of contaminated microorganisms found that four species of fungi(Alternaria alternata,Fusarium proliferatum,Fusarium oxysporum,and Stemphylium vesicarium)and two species of bacteria(Phytobacter diazotrophicus and Atlantibacter hermannii)were transmitted through onion seeds,and the bacteriostasis test confirmed that PPM was able to effectively inhibit the growth of contaminated microorganisms.The medium added with PPM effectively reduced the contamination rate using PPM for seed soaking disinfection;high concentration PPM(1-9 mL/L)inhibited the growth of onion seedlings,while low concentration PPM(0-0.5 mL/L)had no significant inhibitory effect on the growth of onion seedlings.In sum,a set of simple and efficent methods for onion seed disinfection and aseptic seedling culture are explored and developed.