早产儿出院后喂养方式的影响因素分析

Influencing factors of feeding methods for premature infants after discharge

目的:调查早产儿出院后的喂养方式并分析其影响因素。方法:2020年6月至2021年6月,采用方便抽样法抽取我院出生的早产儿及其母亲为研究对象,采用自行设计问卷进行调查,分析早产儿出院后喂养方式的影响因素。结果:148例早产儿中,纯母乳喂养者90例(60.81%),混合喂养者34例(22.97%),纯奶粉喂养者24例(16.22%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,职业类型为体力劳动及住院期间母乳喂养是早产儿出院后采用混合喂养或纯奶粉喂养的保护因素(P<0.05);产妇初中及以下学历、低水平母乳基础知识及存在合并症是早产儿出院后采用混合喂养或纯奶粉喂养的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:早产儿出院后混合喂养或纯奶粉喂养仍占一定比例,母亲文化程度、母乳基础知识掌握水平、职业类型等是影响早产儿出院后喂养方式选择的主要因素。应及时给予产妇针对性的干预措施,以提高早产儿出院后母乳喂养率。

Objective:To investigate the feeding methods for premature infants after discharge,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From June 2020 to June 2021,convenience sampling method was used to select premature infants born in our hospital and their mothers as the research subjects.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the influencing factors of feeding methods for premature infants after discharge.Results:Among 148 premature infants,90 were exclusively breastfed(60.81%),34 were mixed fed(22.97%),and 24 were fed with pure milk powder(16.22%).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that occupational type of physical labor and breastfeeding during hospitalization were protective factors for premature infants to use mixed or pure milk powder feeding after discharge(P<0.05);maternal education at or below junior high school level,low-level basic knowledge of breast milk,and the presence of comorbidities were risk factors for premature infants to use mixed or pure milk powder feeding after discharge(P<0.05).Conclusion:Mixed or pure milk powder feeding still accounts for a certain proportion of premature infants after discharge.Maternal education level,basic knowledge level of breast milk,and occupational type are the main factors that affect the choice of feeding methods for premature infants after discharge.Targeted intervention measures should be given to parturients in a timely manner to improve the breastfeeding rate of premature infants after discharge.