45份辣椒种质发芽期和苗期的耐冷性评价

Evaluation on Cold Tolerances of 45 Pepper Germplasms at Germination and Seedling Stages

冷害是我国冬春季辣椒生产中主要的逆境因子,选用耐冷品种可有效抵御冷害。以45份辣椒地方品种和高代自交系为试验材料,分析低温胁迫下的种子发芽及苗期生长情况,筛选发芽期和苗期表现耐冷的种质材料。结果表明,45份辣椒种质的种子在15℃低温胁迫下,V06C0299、V06C0445、V06C01581、2019P162等25份种质的相对发芽率超过93.33%,V06C0299、V06C0445、V06C1581、GW464等13份种质的相对发芽势超过91.11%。选用10份种质进行苗期4℃低温胁迫处理,V06C01581的冷害指数最低为0.32,表现出较强的耐冷性。相关分析表明,相对发芽率、相对发芽势与冷害指数呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.280、-0.327(P<0.05)。利用隶属函数法综合评价表明,V06C0299平均隶属函数值最大为0.89,表现为较强的耐冷能力。研究结果可为辣椒耐冷基因挖掘和耐冷品种选育提供基础。

Chilling is an important factor limiting pepper cultivation in the seasons of winter and spring.Breeding and application of cold tolerant cultivars are the efficient approaches to cope with chilling.In this study,cold tolerance of 45 pepper germplasms were evaluated at seed germination and seedling growth stages,respectively,to screen for cold tolerant pepper germplasms.The results showed that 25 germplasms,such as V06C0299,V06C0445,V06C01581 and 2019P162,had a relative germination rate of over 93.33%at 15℃.Meanwhile,13 germplasms,such as V06C0299,V06C0445,V06C1581 and GW464,had a relative germination potential of more than 91.11%at 15℃.Among them,10 germplasms were selected and subjected to low temperature stress at 4℃at seedling stage.V06C01581 had the lowest cold damage index of 0.32.Correlation analysis showed that the relative germination rate and relative germination potential were negatively correlated with the cold damage index,and the correlation coefficients were-0.280 and-0.327(P<0.05),respectively.The comprehensive evaluation of membership function values showed that V06C0299 had the largest average membership function value of 0.89,demonstrating strong cold resistance.These results lay a foundation for the subsequent breeding of low-temperature tolerant peppers and cold-resistant gene mining.