观察心理护理联合疼痛护理干预对老年股骨颈骨折患者术后疼痛及睡眠质量的影响

To Observe the Eeffect of Psychological Nursing Combined with Pain Nursing Intervention on Postoperative Pain and Sleep Quality in Elderly Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture

目的:观察心理护理联合疼痛护理干预对老年股骨颈骨折患者术后疼痛及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年12月福建中医药大学附属人民医院骨伤一科收治的股骨颈骨折患者92例作为研究对象,采用统计软件SAS对患者进行随机分组,每组46例。对照组患者给予围手术期常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上增加心理护理及疼痛护理干预。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)比较2组患者睡眠质量的差异,采用焦虑自评量表(SSAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)比较2组患者焦虑、抑郁症状改善情况,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)比较2组患者的疼痛改善效果,对患者保持随访,统计患者的术后下床活动时间、住院时间,并统计患者治疗期间并发症的发生情况。结果:护理干预后,观察组PSQI评分、SAS评分、SDS评分、VAS评分均显著低于对照组,观察组治疗期间切口感染、肺部感染、压疮、深静脉血栓等并发症发生率显著低于对照组,观察组术后下床活动时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间指标均低于对照组,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理的基础上加入心理护理、疼痛护理有助于老年股骨颈骨折患者的术后康复,对其稳定心理状态,缓解疼痛程度有积极作用,继而能够有效控制并发症的发生,缩短患者骨折后康复时间。

Objective:To observe the effect of psychological nursing combined with pain nursing intervention on postoperative pain and sleep quality in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods:A total of 92 patients with femoral neck fracture admitted to the Department of Bone Injury,Affiliated People′s Hospital of Fujian University of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as research objects.Statistical software SAS was used to randomly group the patients,with 46 cases in each group.The control group received perioperative routine nursing intervention,and the observation group added psychological nursing and pain nursing intervention on the basis of the control group.Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to compare the differences of sleep quality between 2 groups,and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to compare the improvement of anxiety and depression symptoms between 2 groups,and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)was used to compare the improvement effect of pain between 2 groups.The patients were followed up,and the postoperative time of getting out of bed and staying in hospital,the incidence of complications during treatment were counted as well.Results:After nursing intervention,PSQI score,SAS score,SDS score and VAS score in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group,the incidence of incision infection,pulmonary infection,pressure sore and deep vein thrombosis during treatment in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,the indexes of postoperative ambulation time,hospital stay and fracture healing time in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group,the differences between 2 groups were statistically significant(P s<0.05).Conclusion:Adding psychological nursing and pain nursing on the basis of routine nursing is helpful for postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture,which has a positive effect on stabilizing their psychological state and relieving the degree of pain,and then can effectively control the occurrence of complications and shorten the recovery time of patients after fracture.