维持性血液透析患者睡眠障碍原因分析及护理对策研究

Analysis of Causes of Sleep Disorders in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients and Study of Nursing Countermeasures

目的:对维持性血液透析患者发生睡眠障碍的原因展开分析,并研究护理对策。方法:选取2021年10月至2022年9月政和县医院收治的存在着睡眠障碍的维持性血液透析患者56例作为研究对象,分析其发生睡眠障碍的原因,并制订护理对策,观察护理前后患者的睡眠质量评分。结果:维持性血液透析患者睡眠障碍的首要原因为心理因素中的医药费过高,占比62.50%;其次为疾病因素中的皮肤瘙痒,占比55.36%;第3至第5原因依次为心理因素中的担忧预后不良、环境因素中的病房吵闹、疾病因素中的低氧血症,分别占比53.57%、51.79%、41.07%。患者护理后的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分比护理前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态4个维度的GQOLI-74评分均高于护理前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:引起维持性血液透析患者睡眠障碍的原因比较多,其中以心理原因、疾病原因为主,临床制订护理对策时应重点关注心理护理、疾病护理,可有效地帮助患者改善睡眠质量,提高其生命质量。

Objective:To analyze the causes of sleep disorders in maintenance hemodialysis patients and study the nursing countermeasures.Methods:From October 2021 to September 2022,56 maintenance hemodialysis patients with sleep disorders were selected from Zhenghe County Hospital.As the subjects of this study,the causes of sleep disorders were analyzed,nursing strategies were formulated,and the sleep quality scores of patients before and after nursing were observed.Results:The analysis of the causes of sleep disorders in maintenance hemodialysis patients found that the primary reason was the high medical cost of psychological factors,accounting for 62.50%.The next factor was skin itching,accounting for 55.36%.The third to fifth places were worried about poor prognosis in psychological factors,noisy ward in environmental factors and hypoxemia in disease factors,accounting for 53.57%,51.79%and 41.07%,respectively(P<0.05).The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of patients after nursing was significantly lower than that before nursing,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The GQOLI-74 scores of physical function,psychological function,social function and material life status after nursing were higher than those before nursing,with statistically significant differences(P s<0.05).Conclusion:There are many causes of sleep disorders in maintenance hemodialysis patients,among which psychological causes and disease causes are the main ones.When formulating nursing strategies,we should focus on psychological nursing and disease nursing,which can effectively help patients improve their sleep quality and quality of life.