DNA甲基化与高脂血症的关系研究进展

Progress of the Relationship between DNA Methylation and Hyperlipidemia

高脂血症是心血管疾病的主要危险因素之一,且是可遗传、可干预的因素。较多研究发现,DNA甲基化修饰与血脂水平之间具有相关性,目前发现涉及的基因主要有肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 A,CPT1A)基因、三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体G1(adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter G1,ABCG1)基因、固醇调控元件结合蛋白1(sterol regulatory element-binding factor 1,SREBF1)基因、肿瘤坏死因子诱导蛋白3相互作用蛋白1(tumor necrosis factorα-induced protein 3-interacting protein 1,TNIP1)基因、24-脱氢胆固醇还原酶(3-β-hydroxysteroid-Δ-24-reductase,DHCR24)基因等。另外,还有研究发现饮食与环境因素可以通过改变特定基因的甲基化水平影响血脂水平,可根据基因甲基化与血脂的关系寻找针对该基因靶点的降脂药物。然而,目前关于DNA甲基化与血脂水平关系的研究结论仍不一致,两者之间因果关系及潜在机制也尚未明确,未来还需要更多针对性的研究来探索DNA甲基化在高脂血症的诊断和治疗等临床实践中的应用价值。

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease,and blood lipid level can be hereditary and modifiable.Many studies have found correlation between DNA methylation and blood lipid levels,with specific genes involving this action process such as carnitine palmitoyl l transferase 1A(CPT1A),adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter G1(ABCG1),sterol regulatory element-binding factor 1(SREBF1),tumor necrosis factorα-induced protein 3-interacting protein 1(TNIP1),and 3-β-hydroxysteroid-Δ-24-reductase(DHCR24).In addition,it has also been found that diet and environmental factors can influence blood lipid levels by altering the methylation levels of specific genes,and it is possible to identify lipid-lowering drugs targeting genes whose methylation level is correlated with blood lipid level.However,research findings on the relationship between DNA methylation and blood lipid level are inconsistent,and the causal relationship as well as the underlying mechanism between them remains unclear.Further research in the future is needed to explore the clinical value of DNA methylation in diagnosis and treatment of hyperlipidemia.