氮化硼/聚氨酯织物涂层制备及其凉感性能

Preparation of boron nitride polyurethane fabric coating and its cooling performance

为了获得具有优异降温性能的凉感织物,通过“接枝改性-高分子交联-涂层固载”策略制备功能化氮化硼(FBN)水性聚氨酯(WPU)涂层整理的复合凉感织物,通过棉织物的接枝改性以及功能涂层中高分子的交联耦合作用,提高功能涂层与棉织物之间的粘合力,研究功能涂层的导热性能、散热能力对复合织物性能的影响。结果表明:通过引入具有优异热管理性能的导热聚合物基功能涂层,得到性能优良的复合凉感织物,该织物接触凉感系数达到0.220 J/(cm^(2)·s),导热率达到3.1 W/(m·K),导热提升率为811%,透气率为427 mm/s。

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards,people's demand for clothing has undergone a more diversified transformation.The diversity of consumption makes the market put forward more requirements for the functionality of fabrics.At present,some consumers are more concerned about the softness,wrinkle resistance,and windproof or waterproof performance of clothing,while others are more concerned about the breathable perspiration,cool,and anti-ultraviolet ability of clothing.With the aggravation of global warming,summer extreme temperatures and duration continue to increase,and more and more people realize the importance of fabric heat dissipation ability.Up to now,most of the methods used to improve the heat dissipation capacity of fabrics are to change the fabric structure,increase the heat dissipation porosity,and obtain functional fabrics by adding cool fibers prepared by thermally conductive materials or constructing thermally conductive coating by the grafting load to increase the surface thermal conductivity.However,the former tends to lose the mechanical properties of the fabric due to the increase of voids and has the defects of high energy consumption,high cost,long process,and low efficiency in the spinning process.Therefore,more and more attention would be paid to improving the thermal conductivity of fabrics by grafting loading.In order to effectively improve the cooling performance ofthe fabric,the thermally conductive coating constructed by boron nitride(BN)/polyurethane(PU)was studied to improve the cooling effect of cotton fabrics.Starting from the two-dimensional layered thermally conductive material BN,firstly,functionalized BN(FBN)was prepared with ultrasonic stripping as the thermally conductive filler of the functional coating.Then,the cotton fabric was grafted with a silane coupling agent to obtain the modified cotton fabric with abundant hydrogen bonds and active groups on the surface,which is convenient for the effective adhesion of subsequent coatings.Finally,the aqueous PU(WPU)was used as the polymer substrate supported by the coating,and a certain amount of FBN and WPU was configured into the required functional coating dispersions in a certain proportion.The FBN/WPU functional coating was successfully loaded on the modified cotton fabric by the method of one dipping and one rolling and hot setting.In this paper,the thermal conductivity filler FBN was successfully attached to the fabric surface by the efficient combination of the active groups rich in silane coupling agents and WPU.Compared with the functional thermal conductivity fiber,the research method in this paper greatly reduced the production cost.It was found that when the ratio of silane coupling agent to water to ethanol was 1:1:3 and the FBN mass fraction was 15%,the final thermal conductivity of cool fabrics was increased by 811%compared with cotton fabrics.In addition,the coolness coefficient of the fabric was tested.The coolness coefficient of the fabric finished by functional coatings reached 0.220 J/(cm^(2)·s),which met the national standard of China.The diversified demand requires the market to make more changes to cope with the future environment.We believe that,with the increasing demand for cool fabrics,how to improve thecooling performance of fabrics and maintain the comfort of the body feeling will attract more and more people's attention.The research results can provide a reference for the design and development of functional fabrics.