ICT何以赋能职业技术教育创新——基于联合国教科文组织系列政策与报告的分析

How ICT Empowers Innovation in Technical and Vocational Education——An Analysis Based on UNESCO’s Policies and Reports

基于ICT赋能创新来提升适应性与发展韧性,已成为联合国教科文组织推动职业技术教育创新发展的战略主张。ICT赋能职业技术教育创新的核心是二者在需求驱动与优势融合下的彼此促进,并实现职业技术教育的组织实践、生态系统、教学与学习、产品与服务的内涵重塑与功能重构。澄清融合路径是探究ICT赋能职业技术教育创新的逻辑起点。具体而言,应在战略与组织准备层面重视发挥职业技术教育机构的ICT领导力,在教学准备层面注重设计与开发ICT赋能的教学新模式,在学习者准备层面强化运用ICT来不断发展数字化学习能力,在技术支持环境准备层面持续完善IT和物理基础设施。为实现ICT赋能职业技术教育创新的预期目标,需在对职业技术教育可持续发展进行多维观察与深刻反思基础上,协同运用明确创新实践主体、开发创新效果评估指标、实施创新能力自我诊断、绘制创新行动计划、强化创新能力基础、注重创新经验总结等策略。这也为我国职业教育数字化转型的发展理念更新、战略规划研制、实践模式革新等提供了借鉴。

Enhancing adaptability and resilience empowered by ICT has become UNESCO’s strategy to promote innovation in technical and vocational education.The core of ICT empowering innovation in technical and vocational education is the mutual promotion of the two under the driving of demand and the integration of advantages,to reshape the connotation and reconstruct the function regarding practices,ecosystems,teaching and learning,products and services in vocational and technical education.Clarifying the integration pathways is the starting point for studying ICT empowering innovation in technical and vocational education.Specifically,the integration pathways include strategic and organizational readiness for ICT leadership in technical and vocational education institutions,pedagogical readiness for the design and development of new ICT-empowered teaching and learning models,learner readiness for the continuous improvement of digital learning capabilities through the use of ICT,and the continuous development of IT and physical infrastructure in the preparation of the technical environment.To achieve the desired goal of ICT empowering innovation in technical and vocational education,various strategies need to be applied based on multifaceted observation and profound reflection on the sustainable development of technical and vocational education.These strategies include identifying the subjects of innovation practice,developing indicators for assessing the effectiveness of innovation,implementing self-diagnosis of innovation capabilities of institutions,mapping innovation action plans,strengthening the foundations of innovation capabilities,and focusing on the summation of innovation experience.This also provides reference for the renewal of development concept,the development of strategic planning,and the innovation of practice models in the digital transformation of technical and vocational education in China.