基于规则的复杂工程系统设计方法

Rules-based complex engineering system design methods

控制论的出现极大地扩展了人造工程系统能力的深度与广度,造就了工程技术全面发展的局面.但随着工程系统中的独立主体的增多,致使其构成的关系越来越复杂,以精准控制为目标的工程系统设计方法遭遇到了不小的困境.一方面,大规模集群体系中精准控制体系内每一个主体并不现实;另一方面,过多的控制反而限制了主体的自主涌现,与群体智能的主旨相背离.为此,提出一种基于规则的复杂工程系统设计新思路.类比生态体系自主演化的动力机制,提出了基于微观规则、中观规则与宏观规则3层架构的规则描述方法,并提出了基于规则的工程系统有机适应性架构框架,为指导复杂工程系统的设计与演进维护提供了方法参考.

The emergence of cybernetics has greatly expanded the depth and breadth of the capacity of the artificial engineering system and brought up the comprehensive development of engineering technology.However,with the increase of independent subjects in the engineering system,the relationship between them becomes more and more complicated,and the design method of engineering system aiming at accurate control has encountered a lot of difficulties.On the one hand,it is not practical to accurately control each subject in the large-scale cluster system;on the other hand,excessive control limits the autonomous emergence of the subject,which deviates from the main theme of swarm intelligence.To this end,a new idea of the complex engineering system design method based on rules is proposed.By analogy with the dynamic mechanism of the self-evolution of the ecological system,a rule description method based on a three-layer architecture of microscopic rules,mid-scopic rules,and macroscopic rules is proposed,and an organic adaptability framework of engineering system based on rules is also constructed,which provides a methodological reference for guiding the design,evolution,and maintenance of complex engineering systems.