肺小细胞癌(SCLC)病理诊断及免疫组化特征分析探讨

Pathological Diagnosis and Immunohistochemical Characteristics Analysis and Discussion of Small Cell Carcinoma of The Lung(SCLC)

目的 探讨肺小细胞癌(SCLC)患者免疫组化与组织病理学联合诊断的应用价值及特征。方法 选择沭阳仁慈医院2013年1月-2020年12月间和中医院集团病理诊断中心2020年1月-2022年3月经纤维支气管镜活检或经皮肺穿刺活检确诊为肺小细胞癌患者35例进行回顾性研究,同时进行免疫组化标记检测,结合患者临床资料,归纳患者组织学特征,同时记录免疫组化标记结果。结果 结合患者临床资料分析发现,肺小细胞癌患者多为中老年人群,病灶分型多呈中央型,细胞形态可划分为小圆形细胞、小梭形细胞两类。免疫组化检查结果显示,ki-67表达阳性率最高,为100.00%,而P40、Kapsina、LCA、CK5/6阳性表达均为0.00%。结论 肺小细胞癌属于肺癌较为常见的一种类型,具有病情进展快、易转移、死亡率高等特点,可通过免疫组化标记初步鉴别诊断疾病,结合上皮、神经内分泌特征属性分析,提高检出率,倡导运用推广。

Objective To discussion application value and characteristics of combined immunohistochemical and histopathological diagnosis of patients with small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Methods The paper reviewed and studied 35 patients with small cell lung cancer diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy biopsy or percutaneous lung puncture biopsy from January 2013 to December 2020 in Shuyang Renci Hospital,and Group Pathological Diagnosis Center of Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022.Immunohistochemical markers were tested,histological characteristics of patients was summarized combined with clinical data,and immunohistochemical markers were recorded.Results Based on clinical data analysis of patients,it was found that most of patients with small cell lung cancer were middle-aged and elderly people,and focus classification was mostly central type.Cell morphology could be divided them into two types:small round cells and small spindle cells.Immunohistochemical examination showed that the highest positive rate of ki-67 expression was 100.00%,while positive rates of P40,Kapsina,LCA,and CK5/6 was 0.00%.Conclusion Small cell lung cancer is relatively common type of lung cancer,characterized by rapid progression,easy metastasis,and high mortality.Immunohistochemical markers can be preliminary differential diagnosis of the disease,combined with epithelial and neuroendocrine characteristic attribute analysis,the therapy can improve detection rate,which is worthy of application and promotion.