叶家山墓地人骨的锶同位素比值分析——兼论墓地排序的新证据

A Sr-isotope Study on Human Remains from Yejiashan Cemetery:New Evidence of Burial Sequencing

本文通过检测叶家山墓地出土人骨的锶同位素比值数据,讨论了墓葬排序、墓地人群构成及可能来源、葬俗与人群的对应关系等问题。三座曾侯墓中,M111和M28墓主为外地人、M65墓主为本地人的结论支持了M111最早、M28次之、M65最晚的推测,墓地下葬顺序也应是南早北晚。外来人口中性别比例的变化可以揭示墓地人群构成的变动,与墓地作为曾国始封地公墓区的性质相合。通过比较锶同位素比值数据,M111、M28、M109墓主等曾侯及其直系亲族可能来自郑州—洛阳地区,由此推测西周早期的南宫氏封地可能位于这一地区。本文对墓地殉牲及采用特殊葬俗的人群来源也有推测,同时指出所谓“南方风格”器物对应的人群可能来自不同地区。

This study applies the Sr-isotope method to human remains from the Yejiashan marquis cemetery of the Western Zhou period(1046-771BC)in China.Sr-isotope data suggest that the deceased of tomb M111 and M28 were migrants,whereas that of tomb M65 was a local.This result,together with the topography of the cemetery,supports the hypothesis about the chronology of these tombs of the marquises that M111 was the earliest,followed by M28 and M65,offering a new answer to a long-standing controversy.The marquises of Zeng and their immediate family members likely originated from the Zhengzhou-Luoyang region in northern China,which was possibly the first fief of their lineage.The change in gender ratio of the non-local population in this high-ranking cemetery may also elucidate the dynamics of a noble migration.The origin of animal sacrifice,special burial goods and tomb structures are also discussed.