明代陕西地区文庙大成殿建筑特征及营建逻辑研究

Architectural Characteristics and Construction Rationale of the Dacheng Hall in the Temple of Confucius of Ming Dynasty in Shaanxi

通过对明代文庙祀孔仪轨的解读和图像还原,对现存陕西地区文庙大成殿建筑进行测绘、勘察与分析,发现大成殿建筑的平面布局、功能分区和梁架选型与祀孔仪轨之间存在紧密的内在逻辑关联,并指出大成殿内进行祀孔活动的空间是其核心空间,该空间从平面构成、梁架到规模尺度均依循准则与规范确定,呈现了高度的一致性,这就是大成殿建筑营建逻辑的外在表达。

Based on the interpretation and image restoration of the rituals at the Temple of Confucius in Ming dynasty,and site measuring,sur vey and analysis of existing Temples in Shannxi region,this paper discovers the close intrinsic logic relations between the ritual and the layout,functional zoning and selection of bean frames of the Dacheng Hall.It identifies the space for the ritual procedure as the core space of the Dacheng Hall,and plan model,frame and the scale of this core space were determined by architectonics and construction rationale,hence the high uniformity and the exterior representation of construction logic of the Dacheng Hall.