基于两阶段Super-NSBM模型的农业生态效率及影响因素研究——以长江经济带为例

Study on Agricultural Ecological Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors Based on Two-Stage Super-Efficiency Network SBM Model:A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

农业生态效率是衡量农业可持续性的重要指标,是影响中国农业可持续发展的重要问题之一。选取2008~2019年长江经济带9省2市的相关数据,采用考虑非期望产出的两阶段Super-NSBM模型测算长江经济带的农业生态效率与分阶段效率,并借助核密度分析方法和Tobit模型考察区域农业生态效率的时空特征与影响因素。结果表明:(1)研究期间,长江经济带农业生态效率均值小于1,未达到DEA有效。上、中、下游农业生态效率均值分别为0.932、0.845、1.177,呈现下游>上游>中游的趋势,各省市间存在显著差异。(2)从地区来看,仅江苏省在两阶段实现了DEA有效;江西、贵州、上海、四川为DEA弱有效省份。(3)农业生态效率及其分阶段效率受农业机械化水平、农业种植结构调整的正向影响,受农业受灾率的负向影响。农业市场化程度、财政支农水平在农业生态治理阶段有正向影响。

Agricultural ecological efficiency is an important index to measure agricultural sustainability,which is one of the important issues affecting agricultural sustainable development in China.Based on the data of 9 provinces and 2 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2019,the undesirable two-stage network Super-NSBM model was used to measure the agricultural ecological efficiency and its stage efficiency,and the spatial and temporal characteristics and influence mechanism of regional agricultural ecological efficiency were investigated by using the kernel density analysis method and Tobit model.The results show that:(1)During the study period,the average agricultural ecological efficiency is less than 1,below the effective value,0.932,0.845 and 1.1177 in the upper,middle and down-stream,respectively,showing a trend of down-stream>upper stream>middle stream,with significant differences among provinces and cities.(2)From the regional perspective,only Jiangsu Province achieved DEA efficiency in two stages.Jiangxi,Guizhou,Shanghai and Sichuan are weak DEA efficient provinces.(3)Agricultural ecological efficiency and its stage efficiency are positively affected by agricultural mechanization level,agricultural planting structure adjustment,and negatively affected by the agricultural disaster rate.The degree of agricultural marketization and the level of financial support for agriculture have a positive impact on the efficiency value of the agricultural ecological governance stage.