基于黄芪无机元素含量分析的产地区分及健康风险评估

Origin Differentiation and Health Risk Assessment Based on Inorganic Element Content Analysis of Astragalus membranaceus

目的:建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定78批黄芪药材中37种无机元素含量的分析方法;了解不同产地无机元素的差异,通过多元统计分析黄芪的差异性元素和产地关联性。方法:收集甘肃省内黄芪47份、省外黄芪31份。采用微波消解法,通过ICP-MS对黄芪中所含元素进行含量测定,经主成分分析(PCA)及偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)模型对其进行分析,并通过危害指数评价法进行评价。结果:各无机元素均呈良好的线性关系(r>0.99);产地判别中2组黄芪的差异性无机元素为Sr、Ba、Ni、Cd和Cr;主成分分析得到3个主要因子F_(1)、F_(2)、F_(3)及综合得分Y,进行产地排名和危害指数(HI)评价。结论:所建立的分析方法快捷准确、灵敏度高,适用于黄芪中多种无机元素的含量测定;不同来源的黄芪中无机元素存在地域差异,可用多元统计分析进行产地区分,有助于合理选择种植区域。

Objective:To establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)method for simultaneously measuring the content of 37 inorganic elements in 78 batches of Astragalus membranaceus;to understand the differences of inorganic elements in different places of origin and analyze the correlation between different elements and origin of Astragalus membranaceus by multivariate statistical analysis.Methods:A total of 47 samples of Astragalus membranaceus in Gansu Province and 31 samples outside Gansu Province were collected.The microwave digestion method was used to determine the content of the elements in Astragalus membranaceus by ICP-MS,and principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least square discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)models were applied for analysis.The hazard index evaluation method was adopted for evaluation.Results:All inorganic elements showed a good linear relationship(r>0.99);the different inorganic elements of the two groups of Astragalus membranaceus during the identification of origin were Sr,Ba,Ni,Cd,and Cr;the PCA obtained three main factors,namely F_(1),F_(2),and F_(3),as well as the comprehensive score Y for ranking the places of origin and evaluating the hazard index(HI).Conclusion:The proposed method is rapid,accurate,and highly sensitive,and it is suitable for measuring the content of many inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus.There are regional differences in inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus from different sources.Multivariate statistical analysis can be used to distinguish the place of origin,which is helpful to select planting areas reasonably.