高校监察派驻模式的法理逻辑与制度构造

Jurisprudential Logic and System Structure of the Mode of Accredited Supervision in Colleges and Universities

高校监察派驻机构改革是近年高校纪检监察体制改革的核心,各地探索的路径差异反映了当前社会认知不一和理论供给不足。增加外部监督成分和推进监察全面覆盖论证了高校领域纳入国家监察范围的现实合理性,权力监督原则下基于“根据授权”的合法性链条证立了派驻机构的形式合法性。但该模式仍面临统一监察与行政主管、外部监督与内部监督、学术遵从与监察效能等多对价值冲突。应为高校内部职能监察预留必要制度空间、尊重我国高校学术传统和学术规律、坚持法无明文规定不可为原则。于此基础上,高校监察派驻制度之合理构造是:分类施策,以因地制宜为原则确定派驻类型;统一管理,以纵向约束为原则确定派驻体制;依法授权,以必要适当为原则确定派驻职权;贯通衔接,以相对分离为原则确定工作程序。

The reform of accredited supervisory institutions in colleges and universities is the core of the reform of discipline inspection and supervision system in colleges and universities in recent years.Increasing the external supervision component and promoting full coverage of national supervision proves the rationality of bringing the university field into the scope of national supervision;Under the principle of power supervision,the formal legitimacy of accredited institutions is established based on the legitimacy chain of“according to authorization”.However,this model still faces multiple value conflicts,such as unified supervision and administrative supervisor,external supervision and internal supervision,academic compliance and supervision effectiveness.We should reserve necessary institutional space for the internal function supervision of colleges and universities,respect the academic tradition and rules of Chinese colleges and universities,and adhere to the principle that nothing can be done without explicit provisions of law.On this basis,the reasonable system structure of accredited supervision in colleges and universities is as follows:The type of accredited institutions should be determined based on the actual situation;The accredited institutions should be managed uniformly to achieve vertical constraints;The authorization in accordance with the law should be necessary and appropriate;It is also necessary to ensure that the working procedures are connected under the principle of relative separation.