人工智能生成技术方案的可专利性及其制度因应

Patentability of Artificial Intelligence Generated Technology Solutions and its Institutional Response

由人工智能自主生成的技术方案作为一类全新的发明形式,在理论基础、权利主体、利益分配等多方面对传统专利制度提出了严峻挑战。由于人工智能目前已经能够生成符合可专利性的技术成果,既有专利制度面临变革。在权利归属的制度安排上,需要调整多方参与主体的利益关系,构建基于“二元主体结构”的权利主体规则,以使用者作为基本的专利权主体,兼顾对投资者利益的保护,以防止人工智能算法控制者的垄断;同时,引入约定优先和公平报酬原则作为合理补充,以实现人工智能生成技术方案专利保护的利益平衡。在权利保护的制度构建上,需要完善人工智能生成技术方案的专利申请授权制度,明确其权利行使的基本原则与规范设计,以此进一步实现个人利益与公共利益之间的平衡,推动人工智能行业的创新发展与技术进步。

As a brand-new invention form,the technology solutions generated by artificial intelligence pose challenges to the traditional patent system in many aspects,such as the right holders,theoretical basis and economic paradigm.Artificial intelligence is now capable of generating patentable technology solutions,so the existing patent system needs changes.In terms of the institutional arrangement of right attribution,we should adjust the interest relations of various participants and construct the right holder rules based on"the dual-subject structure",taking the user as the basic patent right holder and taking into account the protection of the interests of investors to prevent the monopoly by artificial intelligence algorithm controllers.In terms of the system construction of rights protection,the patent authorization system should be improved and the basic principles and standards designed for the exercise of rights should be clarified,so as to achieve the balance between private interests and public interests,and to promote the innovative development and technological progress of the artificial intelligence industry.