血液检验在地中海贫血及缺铁性贫血疾病鉴别诊断中的应用价值分析

Analysis on Application Value of Blood Test in Differential Diagnosis of Thalassemia and Iron Deficiency Anemia

目的探讨血液检验在地中海贫血及缺铁性贫血疾病鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选择2018年10月至2021年10月我院收治的80例地中海贫血与缺铁性贫血疾病患者,分为地中海贫血组(40例)与缺铁性贫血组(40例)。检测两组患者的红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)、红细胞体积(MCV)、红细胞分布宽度变异系数(RDW-CV)、血红蛋白A2(HbA2)及红细胞脆性,比较两组的血液学指标,并分析其对地中海贫血及缺铁性贫血的诊断效能。结果缺铁性贫血组MCH、MCV及红细胞脆性均高于地中海贫血组,HbA2低于地中海贫血组(P<0.05)。MCH、MCV、红细胞脆性、HbA2均对地中海贫血与缺铁性贫血具有较好的鉴别诊断价值(AUC>0.5),其中HbA2的诊断效能较高(ACU=0.904,灵敏度92.50%,特异性90.37%)。结论地中海贫血及缺铁性贫血患者多项血液指标检验水平存在较大差异,临床针对贫血症患者MCH、MCV、HbA2及红细胞脆性检测可为疾病类型的鉴别诊断提供数据支持,为后续早期治疗方案的制定争取时间。

Objective To explore the application value of blood test in the differential diagnosis of thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia.Methods 80 patients with thalassemia or iron deficiency anemia admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to October 2021 were selected and divided into thalassemia group(40 cases)and iron deficiency anemia group(40 cases).The mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation(RDW-CV),hemoglobin A2(HbA2)and erythrocyte brittleness of the two groups were detected.The hematological indicators were compared between two groups,and the diagnostic efficacy for thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia was analyzed.Results MCH,MCV and erythrocyte britleness of the iron deficiency anemia group were higher than those of the thalassemia group,and the HbA2 was lower than that of the thalassemia group(P<0.05).MCH,MCV,erythrocyte brittleness and HbA2 had better differential diagnosis value for thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia(AUC>0.5),and HbA2 had higher diagnostic efficacy(ACU=0.904,sensitivity=92.50%,specificity=90.37%).Conclusions Some blood test indicators of patients with thalassemia or iron deficiency anemia have significant differences.MCH,MCV,HbA2 and erythrocyte brittleness of patients with anemia can provide data support for differential diagnosis of disease types and gain time for follow-up early treatment.