全身麻醉与椎管内麻醉在老年髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果对比

Comparison on the Application Effects of General Anesthesia and Intraspinal Anesthesia in Elderly Patients Undergoing HipArthroplasty

目的对比全身麻醉与椎管内麻醉在老年髋关节置换术(HA)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2018年2月至2021年2月在我院行HA治疗的88例老年患者,根据麻醉方案不同分为全身麻醉组和椎管内麻醉组各44例。比较两组患者不同时间点的血流动力学指标[平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)]、麻醉优良率及并发症发生率。结果T_(1)时,两组的MAP、HR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);T_(2)、T_(3)时,椎管内麻醉组的MAP、HR均低于全身麻醉组(P<0.05)。椎管内麻醉组麻醉优良率高于全身麻醉组,并发症发生率低于全身麻醉组(P<0.05)。结论与全身麻醉相比,椎管内麻醉可更有效维持老年HA患者围术期血流动力学稳定,降低并发症发生率,麻醉效果更佳。

Objective To compare the effects of general anesthesia and intralesional anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty(HA).Methods 88 elderly patients undergoing HA in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2021 were selected and divided into general anesthesia group(44 cases)and intraspinal anesthesia group(44 cases)according to the different anesthesia schemes.The hemodynamic indicators[mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)]at different time points,the excellent and good rate of anesthesia and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results At T_(1),no statistical difference was found in the MAP and HR between the two groups(P>0.05);At T_(2)and T_(3),the MAP and HR of the intraspinal anesthesia group were lower than those of the general anesthesia group(P<0.05).The excellent and good rate of anesthesia in the intraspinal anesthesia group was higher than that in the general anesthesia group,and the incidence of complications was lower than 38.64%in the general anesthesia group(P<0.05).Conclusions Compared with general anesthesia,intraspinal anesthesia can more effectively maintain perioperative hemodynamic stability of elderly patients undergoing HA,reduce the incidence of complications of patients,with better anesthetic effect.