不同营养干预方式对妊娠期糖尿病妊娠结局及新生儿出生体重的影响

Effects of different nutritional interventions on gestational diabetes mellitus in improving pregnancy outcome and neonatal birth weight

目的探讨常规营养健康教育与医学营养跟踪干预对妊娠期糖尿病妊娠结局及新生儿出生体重的影响。方法选取80例妊娠期糖尿病患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(40例,实施常规营养健康教育)、观察组(40例,实施医学营养跟踪)。比较两组干预前后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平,以及干预后不良妊娠结局发生率、新生儿体重与新生儿低血糖发生率。结果与干预前相比较,干预后两组患者FPG、2hPG、HbAlc水平均呈现降低趋势,且观察组更低,与对照组相比较,观察组患者不良妊娠结局发生率、新生儿体重及新生儿低血糖发生率均更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医学营养跟踪的应用可帮助妊娠期糖尿病患者更好地控制血糖,避免因高血糖引发各种危险事件,同时有助于改善患者的妊娠结局,控制新生儿体重,安全性较高。

Objective To explore the effects ofroutine nutrition health education and medical nutrition tracking intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus in improving pregnancy outcome and newborn birth weight.Methods A total of 80 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital were selected as research objects.According to random number table method,the patients were divided into the control group(40 cases,routine nutrition and health education)and the observation group(40 cases,medical nutrition tracking).The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial plasma glucose(2 h PG)and HbAlc before and after the intervention,as well as the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes,neonatal weight and neonatal hypoglycemia were compared.Results Compared with before intervention,serum FPG,2 h PG and HbAlc levels oftwo groups showed a decreasing trend after intervention,and the observation group was lower.Compared with the control group,the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome,neonatal weight and neonatal hypoglycemia were lower of the observation group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of medical nutrition tracking can help patients with gestational diabetes mellitus better control blood sugar,avoid various dangerous events caused by hyperglycemia,and help to improve the pregnancy outcome of patients,control newborn weight,and has high security.