高载荷下的航空发动机滚动轴承损伤原因

Causes of aero-engine rolling bearing damage under high load

针对某航空发动机滚动轴承在高载荷作用下发生损伤的问题,采用宏观观察、扫描电镜和能谱分析、金相检验、硬度测试等方法分析其损伤原因。结果表明:载荷试验后,滚动轴承的外圈和滚动体表面出现严重剥落现象,轴承损伤模式主要为接触疲劳剥落和磨粒磨损,轴承发生接触疲劳损伤的原因为高载荷作用下塑性应变的累积和白色高硬度“蝶形”组织的产生。

Aiming at the damage problem of an aero-engine rolling bearing under high load,the damage causes were analyzed by means of macroscopic observation,scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis,metallographic examination and hardness test.The results show that after the load test,the outer ring and rolling body surface of the rolling bearing appeared serious spalling phenomenon.The main damage modes of the bearing were contact fatigue spalling and abrasive wear.The contact fatigue damage of the bearing was caused by the accumulation of plastic strain under high load and the generation of white high hardness'butterfly'structure.