宋慈抱《续史通》史学意蕴发微

The Historical Thinking of Song Cibao's A Sequel to Comments on the Works of History

宋慈抱以传统史学理论著作《续史通》引起史学界的关注,但金毓黻在《中国史学史》中以否定为主要倾向的点评,误导了学界对宋慈抱及其史学思想的认识。在史学思想上,宋慈抱倡导因时变通的历史编纂学思想,以之品评史家、史书,并发展和修正了《史通》的框架与观点;主张“以史德为根”的史家修养论,辅以忠厚、公正的衡量标准,拓展了史德主体的受众;坚持“以国计民生为念”的史学功用观,明确提出经史同源。宋慈抱的史学思想新旧杂糅,既推进传统史学,亦沾染民国学界的某些气息,并非纯粹的传统史学余绪。他对传统的关怀与深情、史学认识的合理性与复杂性应得到重视。

Song Cibao attracted the attention of historians with his traditional historiographical work A Sequel to Comments on the Works of History(Xu Shitong).But Jin Yufu in The History of Chinese Historiography(Zhongguo shixue shi)mainly criticized Song,which led the academic community to mis-understand Song Cibao and his historiographical thoughts.Song Cibao advocated that historiographical compilation methodology be adaptable to one's times.He not only developed but also revised the framework and views of Comments on the Works of History(Shitong).Furthermore,he emphasized that training a historian must cultivate his historiographical morality first,supplemented by loyalty and justice,which expanded the scope of historiographical morality.Finally,he insisted to focus on the national economy and people's livelihood and clearly stated that the Confucian classics and historiography shared the same origin.Song Cibao's historiographical thought was a mixture of old and new,which not only promoted traditional historiography,but also was affected by the historiography of Republic of China.His concern and affection for tradition,and the rationality and complexity of his historiographical ideas should be paid attention to.