蒙古人民共和国加入联合国的初步尝试(1946—1948)——以中国政府外交为主要视角的讨论

The Early Attempts of the People's Republic of Mongolia to Become a UN Member(1946-1948):A Perspective from the Chinese Diplomacy

1945年10月,蒙古人民共和国完成独立公投后,即开始谋求加入联合国会员国资格。一些国家基于本国立场和国家利益,对于蒙古方面的外交努力表现出不同态度。蒙古继续维持苏蒙在多领域的联系,使其在寻求入会资格的道路上举步维艰,迭遭失败。这并非全因美英阵营的抵制,也有苏联在国际冷战形势下的考虑。蒙古方面无法应对联合国所要求的各种佐证材料,在第一轮申请中错失良机。其后的北塔山事件引发中国国民政府的不满,西方国家无心支持苏联保护下的蒙古。这些因素导致蒙古在申请入会道路上屡战屡败。

In October 1945,the People's Republic of Mongolia completed its independence referendum,after which it initiated to apply for the UN membership.The great powers showed very different attitudes toward Mongolia based on their respective interests.Due to its maintenance of the Soviet-Mongol relationship in many fields,Mongolia's road to the UN was full of hardship.Not only the British-American side(the Republic of China was included)resisted it from entering,but the Soviet Union did so because of their own concern in the Cold War.Mongolia lost its opportunity in the first application for it was not able to provide the materials the UN required or make clear statements for the materials.The Incident of North Tashan exacerbated the Chinese Republican state who had been unsettled and disturbed by the Mongolian Independence.Other western powers had no intention to support the Soviet-protected Mongolia.It thus failed again and again in its application.