火干扰对森林凋落物分解的影响研究进展

Research Progress in the Effects of Fire Disturbance on Forest Litter Decomposition

分解和火干扰是森林凋落物养分循环的重要生态过程。缓慢的凋落物分解速率会促使凋落物的累积,从而导致林火发生的概率大幅提升。火干扰会在短时间内对凋落物载量、厚度以及自身的化学组成产生较大的影响,同时对凋落物分解也会有较长时期的动态影响,可能需要几年或几十年恢复到火前的分解速率。通过查阅大量相关文献,文中从火干扰对森林凋落物分解的直接影和间接影响出发,阐述火这一干扰因子在森林凋落物分解过程中发挥的作用。并针对目前研究中存在的问题,提出今后的相关研究应从以下3个方面实现突破:1)加强火后不同恢复年限对森林凋落物分解动态变化的影响研究;2)探究火干扰后采取不同的森林恢复方式对凋落物分解的影响;3)了解火后副产物-黑碳在森林凋落物分解过程中的作用。基于这些综述,可为更好地理解和探索火干扰对森林凋落物分解的影响机制提供借鉴,以推动该领域的发展。

Decomposition and fire disturbance are the important ecological processes of nutrient cycling of forest litter.Slow decomposition rate of litter will promote the accumulation of litter,which will lead to the higher probability of forest fire.Fire disturbance will impose a great effect on the load,thickness and chemical composition of litters in a short time,and also have a long dynamic impact on litter decomposition.It may take several years or decades to recover to the decomposition rate of unburned litter.This paper reviews relevant literature to expound the role of fire as a disturbance factor in forest litter decomposition process from the perspective of the direct and indirect influences of fire disturbance on the decomposition of forest litter.In view of the existing problems in the research,the paper proposes that future research should achieve breakthroughs in the following aspects:1)Strengthening the research on the impact of different post-fire recovery years on the dynamic change in litter decomposition;2)Exploring the effects of various forest restoration methods taken after fire disturbances on litter decomposition;3)Understanding the role of black carbon,a byproduct of fire,in the decomposition of forest litter.The review is expected to provide references for further research on the impact mechanism of fire disturbance on forest litter decomposition,so as to promote the advancement in this field.