我国油茶良种选育及推广应用

Breeding,Promotion and Application of Improved Oil-tea Cultivar in China

油茶在我国有悠久的栽培和食用历史,具有“不与农争地、不与人争粮”的独特优势和发展潜力。自2008年以来,发展油茶产业是中共中央、国务院为维护国家粮油安全作出的一项重要决策。我国油茶产量和生产效率的提升离不开良种、良法的推广和应用。文中概述我国油茶良种选育历程,介绍油茶良种的推广应用过程和成效,针对油茶良种推广应用过程中出现的问题,提出持续推进油茶良种选育、优化油茶品种选择配置、建立油茶苗木分子鉴别体系和提升良种苗木繁育应用效率4个方面的建议,以期为我国油茶良种更好地应用和推广提供思路和参考。

Oil-tea has a long history of cultivation and consumption in China.It has a unique advantage and development potential,which is not competing land with agriculture,and not influencing grain production.Since 2008,developing oil-tea industry has been a critical decision made by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council for safeguarding national security of grain and oil.The yields and production efficiency of oil-tea in China cannot be improved without improved cultivars and good methods.This paper summarizes the breeding process of improved oil-tea cultivars in China,and then introduces the history and accomplishments of the improved cultivar promotion and application.At the end,in view of the problems arising in the cultivar promotion and application,the paper come up with four recommendations,i.e.,continuing to promote the breeding of improved oil-tea cultivars,improving the selection and configuration of oil-tea cultivars,establishing the molecular identification system of oil-tea seedlings and increasing the propagation efficiency of oil-tea seedlings,in order to provide ideas and references for the better promotion and application of oil-tea cultivars in China.