益生菌固态发酵料对羔羊断奶前、后血液免疫、抗氧化指标及粪便消化酶的影响

Effects of solid-state fermentation feed on blood immunity,antioxidant indexes and fecal digestive enzymes of lambs before and after weaning

旨在探讨益生菌发酵料对羔羊断奶前、后血液免疫、抗氧化指标、生长激素及粪便酶活的影响。选取48只体质量相近、健康45日龄哺乳羔羊,随机分为4组,每组12只。断奶前试验羊随母哺乳+颗粒料,断奶后只饲喂颗粒料。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮上添加5%(Ⅰ组),10%(Ⅱ组),15%(Ⅲ组)发酵饲料,试验期20d。于断奶前(0d)和断奶后(4d)取样。结果显示:与对照组相比,断奶前试验Ⅱ组白细胞(WBC)、嗜酸粒细胞(NEU)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和丙二醛(MDA)极显著降低(P<0.01),免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)显著提高(P<0.05);Ⅲ组白介素6(IL-6)显著提高(P<0.05);试验组总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和胰岛素(INS)显著提高,白介素IL-1β(IL-1β)无差异(P>0.05);断奶后试验Ⅲ组IL-1β极显著下降(P<0.01),TNF-α、IgM和GSH-Px显著提高(P<0.01);Ⅱ组IL-6和MDA显著降低(P<0.01),IgG显著提高(P<0.01);与断奶前相比,断奶后各组血清IL-1β、IgM、IGF-1显著提高(P<0.01),SOD显著降低(P<0.01);Ⅱ组断奶前、后纤维素酶、α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。综上,10%发酵料可显著增加断奶前、后免疫功能、抗氧化能力,改善消化酶活性,促进羔羊生长。

The study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic fermented materials on blood immunity,antioxidant index,growth hormone and fecal enzyme activity of lambs before and after weaning.Forty-eight healthy(45-day-old)suckling lambs with similar weight were randomly divided into 4groups,with 12lambs in each group.Before weaning,the experimental lamb suckled and fed pellet feed and they were only fed with pellet feed after weaning.Four levels of concentrate 0(control),5%(groupⅠ),10%(groupⅡ)and 15%(groupⅢ)were supplemented with fermented feed in the basal diet as experimental treatments.Samples were taken before(0d)and after(4d)weaning.The results showed that the white blood cells(WBC),eosinophils(NEU),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were decreased significantly(P<0.01)in groupⅡbefore weaning compared with the control group,and immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),interleukin-6(IL-6)were increased significantly(P<0.05)in groupⅢ.However,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and insulin(INS)of each experimental group were significantly increased,but there was no difference in interleukin-1β(IL-1β)(P>0.05).After weaning,the IL-1βwas decreased significantly(P<0.01),while TNF-α,IgM and GSH-Px increased significantly(P<0.01)in groupⅢcompared with the control group.The IL-6and MDA decreased significantly(P<0.01)and IgG increased significantly(P<0.01)in groupⅡthan the other groups.Serum IL-1β,IgM,IGF-1increased significantly(P<0.01)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)decreased significantly(P<0.01)after weaning than before weaning.The contents of cellulase,α-amylase,lipase and trypsin in groupⅡbefore and after weaning were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).In summary,supplementation the concentrate with 10%fermented feed were beneficial for immune function and antioxidant capacity before and after weaning,and increasing the digestive enzyme activity and lamb growth.