郑州小双桥遗址青铜建筑饰件纹饰新释

A new interpretation of the motifs on the bronze architectural decorations

据最新考古发现,郑州小双桥遗址原“周勃墓”应是一处商代的夯土台基,在台基顶部发现有大量的商代建筑遗迹,1989年曾在此发现过三件青铜建筑饰件。这些青铜建筑饰件纹饰的表现手法不仅符合商代早、中期器物纹饰的特征;更体现了古人对白虎星象中的衡石三星、苍龙星象中的心宿三星等天象的描绘。小双桥商代遗址青铜建筑饰件饰纹的天文学元素,说明此遗址不太可能是商代的一般遗址,很可能是商王的王都所在。

According to the latest archaeological discovery,the original“Zhoubo tomb”should be a rammed-earth foundation of the Shang Dynasty.A large number of Shang Dynasty architectural relics were found on the top of this 12-meter-high rammed earth platform,located in the southwest of Xiaoshuangqiao village.Three bronze architectural decorations were discovered here in 1989.The ornamentation of these bronze architectural components not only accords with the ornamentation characteristics of the early and middle Shang Dynasty,but also reflects the depiction of the ancients of celestial phenomena,such as the Hengshi Sanxing in the White Tiger and the Xinxiu Sanxing in the Green Dragon.The astronomical elements in the ornamentation of bronze building components at the Xiaoshuangqiao site of the Shang Dynasty indicate that this site is unlikely to be a common site of the Shang Dynasty,and may have been the capital.