碳中和背景下含氢综合能源系统碳排放和经济性分析

Carbon Emissions and Economic Analysis of Integrated Energy System Containing Hydrogen Using for Carbon Neutrality

为研究“碳中和”目标下含氢能利用的综合能源系统(Integrated energy system, IES)中氢气来源方式对系统运行特性的影响,针对包含可再生能源发电和制氢设备、冷热电能源转换和存储设备、碳捕集设备等多种类型能源利用设备的综合能源系统,考虑多种负荷平衡约束、设备运行约束和碳中和目标约束,以系统日运行成本最低为目标函数建立数学模型,以仿真园区综合能源系统为计算案例,分析了系统供能网络供应不同来源氢气和分布式可再生能源制氢方式对系统运行经济性和碳排放量的影响。研究表明:以可再生能源制备的氢气为燃料时综合能源系统的运行成本最高,但CO_(2)排放量最低;在碳中和前提下,将当地分布式可再生能源发电量中的98%用于供电、2%用于制氢比全制氢时该系统运行成本减少26.1%、碳排放量降低19.7%,比全供电时该系统碳排放量减少5%、运行成本增加2.85%;在碳中和前提下,当可再生能源制氢效率提升10%后,系统实现最低碳排放量时可将可再生能源制氢功率占比从原来的2%提升至5%;当碳捕集设备能耗减少10%后,系统实现最低碳排放量时可将可再生能源制氢功率占比从原来的2%提升至23%。

In order to study the influence of hydrogen production ways on the operation characteristics of integrated energy system(IES)containing hydrogen under the goal of"carbon neutrality",this paper sets up a mathematical model of integrated energy system including renewable energy power generation and hydrogen production equipment,cold-heat-electric energy conversion and storage equipment,carbon capture equipment and other types of energy utilization equipment,which takes the system daily operation cost minimum as objective function,considering various load balance constraints,equipment operation and carbon neutralization constraints.Taking the integrated energy system of the simulation park as a case study,the effects of the system energy supply network supplying hydrogen from different sources and the system using distributed renewable energy to produce hydrogen on the system operation economy and carbon emissions are analyzed.The research results show that the system has the highest operation cost and the lowest CO_(2) emissions when using hydrogen produced from renewable energy as fuel;under the target of carbon neutrality,98%of distributed renewable energy generating capacity used for power supply and 2%for hydrogen production will reduce 26.1%of operation costs and 19.7%of carbon emissions compared with full renewable energy used for hydrogen production,while reducing 5%of carbon emissions and increasing 2.85%of operation costs compared with full renewable energy used for power supply;under the target of carbon neutrality,after increasing the hydrogen production efficiency from renewable energy by 10%,the ratio of hydrogen production power in renewable energy output can be increased from 2%to 5%for achieving the lowest system carbon emissions;after reducing the carbon capture equipment energy consumption by 10%,the ratio of hydrogen production power in renewable energy output can be increased from 2%to 23%for achieving the lowest system carbon emissions.