基于双层合作博弈的虚拟电厂滚动优化调度研究

Research on Rolling Optimal Scheduling of Virtual Power Plant based on Two-layer Cooperative Game

为了应对当下高比例可再生能源和大规模电动汽车的接入给虚拟电厂双侧运行带来的挑战,提出了一种改进的Shapley值分配方法用于解决联盟收益分配问题。以虚拟电厂为中介,分别构建了以联盟收益最大化为目标的“需”侧用户-虚拟电厂联盟和“供”侧虚拟电厂-主动配电网联盟,再将双侧的合作博弈模型联系起来,构成基于双层合作博弈的虚拟电厂滚动优化调度模型。利用改进的Shapley值进行联盟收益再分配,从而达到用户、虚拟电厂和主动配电网三方主体收益的最大化,最后进行实验验证。结果表明:该模型使三方主体收益相较于未合作博弈和任一单层合作博弈分别提高了15.64%,6.95%和6.949%,提高了系统运行的经济性。

In order to cope with the challenges brought by the current high proportion of renewable energy and the access of large-scale electric vehicles to the bilateral operation of virtual power plants,an improved Shapley value distribution method is proposed to solve the problem of alliance revenue distribution.Taking the virtual power plant as the intermediary,the"demand"side user-virtual power plant alliance and the"supply"side virtual power plant-active distribution network alliance with the goal of maximizing the alliance revenue are constructed respectively.Then,the two-sided cooperative game model is connected to form a rolling optimal scheduling model of virtual power plant based on two-layer cooperative game.The improved Shapley value is used to redistribute the alliance revenue,so as to maximize the revenue of users,virtual power plants and active distribution networks,and the test is verified.The results show that the proposed model makes the revenue of the three parties respectively increase by 15.64%,6.95%and 6.949%compared with the uncooperative game and any single-layer cooperative game,which improves the economy of system operation.