主动性人格、创新行为与农民创业绩效

Proactive Personality,Innovative Behavior and Farmers'Entrepreneurial Performance

激发农民内生动力,提升农民的创业绩效对于促进乡村经济社会发展具有重要意义。基于个体心理特征的视角构建了主动性人格与农民创业绩效之间的关系模型,收集了来自6个省541名创业农民的数据,使用OLS和基于bootstrapping的非对称置信区间法对模型进行了检验。结果显示:主动性人格对农民创业绩效具有显著的正向影响;主动性人格对创业农民的利用式创新行为和探索式创新行为具有显著的正向影响。进一步的中介机制分析发现,主动性人格通过利用式创新行为和探索式创新行为的部分中介影响创业绩效;利用式创新在主动性人格和创业绩效之间的中介效应要强于探索式创新的中介效应。从理论上讲,研究结果拓展了对农民创业绩效影响因素的认识,丰富了基层创新的研究;在实践上建议将主动性人格培育纳入农民培训项目之中,重视并扶持农民创新,以推动农民创业高质量发展。

It is crucial to stimulate farmers'endogenous motivation and improve their entrepreneurial performance in order to promote rural economic and social development.From the perspective of individual psychological characteristics,this paper constructs the relationship model between farmers'proactive personality and entrepreneurial performance,collects the data from 541 entrepreneurial farmers in 6 provinces,and conducts a test on the model with the ordinary least squares and the asymmetric confidence interval method based on bootstrapping.The results show that the proactive personality has a significant positive impact on farmers'entrepreneurial performance,and that the proactive personality has a significant positive impact on the exploitative innovation behaviors and the exploratory innova-tion behaviors of the entrepreneurial farmers.It is found through further intervening mechanism analysis that the proactive personality can affect the entrepreneurial performance by taking advantage of the partial mediation of theexploitative innovation behaviors and the exploratory innovation behaviors.The mediating effect of the exploitative innovation between the proactive personality and the entrepreneurial performance is stronger than that of the exploratory innovation.In theory,the results of this study expand the understanding of the factors affecting farmers'entrepreneurial performance and enrich the researches of the grassroots innovation.In practice,it is suggested that the cultivation of proactive personality should be included in farmer training projects,and farmers'innovation should be emphasized and supported,so as to promote the high-quality development of farmers'entrepreneurship.