钴基合金激光熔覆技术研究与应用现状

Research status and application of laser cladding technology for Cobalt-based alloy

钴基合金是一种常用的表面改性材料,由于其具有耐磨损、耐腐蚀、耐高温的优异性能,在航空航天、能源、重工、航海装备的表面改性和再制造领域有广泛的应用前景。激光熔覆是一种具有较高经济效益的新型表面工程技术,能够实现材料表面涂层的快速、高质量成形。利用激光熔覆技术,可以在廉价的金属基体材料表面制备高性能的合金涂层,在提升材料表面性能的同时不会影响基体材料的性能,并能节省贵重和稀有金属、降低成本。钴基合金激光熔覆技术在近几十年受到国内外学者的广泛关注,并在涂层硬度、耐磨耐蚀、裂纹敏感性等性能提升方面取得了许多成果。对钴基合金激光熔覆技术的研究现状进行了综述,从材料体系、工艺参数和工业应用方面对国内外研究现状进行了总结和分析,总结了现阶段的研究不足并分析了未来发展的潜在方向。

Cobalt-based alloy is a common surface modification material,because of its excellent properties of wear resistance,corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance,it has a wide application prospect in the fields of surface modification and remanufacturing of aerospace,energy,heavy industry and marine equipment.Laser cladding is a new surface engineering technology with high economic benefit,which can realize the rapid and high quality molding of material surface coating.Using laser cladding technology,high performance alloy coating can be prepared on the surface of cheap metal matrix materials,which can improve the surface properties of materials without affecting the properties of the matrix materials,and can save precious and rare metals and reduce the cost.In recent decades,laser cladding technology of cobalt-based alloy has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad,and many achievements have been made in the improvement of coating hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance,crack sensitivity and other properties.In this paper,the research status of laser cladding technology on cobalt-based alloy was reviewed,and the research status at home and abroad was summarized and analyzed from the aspects of material system,process parameters and industrial application.The shortcomings of current research were summarized and the potential development direction in the future was analyzed.