建成环境对商业综合体公共自行车运行均衡性的影响

Influence of Built Environment on Operation Equilibrium of Public Bicycles in Commercial Synthesis

城市商业综合体对公共自行车客流具有极强的吸引力,且商业综合体公共自行车客流表现出显著的时空不均衡特征。为了解析商业综合体公共自行车运行时空间分布差异成因,首先结合商业综合体基础信息数据、公共自行车运营数据和建成环境数据,综合考虑公共自行车运行空间分布均衡性和站点运行均衡性,构建了公共自行车运行均衡性评价指标体系。然后运用偏最小二乘回归方法构建了运行均衡性影响因素评价模型并分析了建成环境对公共自行车运行均衡性的影响机制。最后以昆明市为例进行了实证分析。结果表明:昆明市商业综合体公共自行车运行空间分布均衡性工作日优于非工作日,城市中心区域站点运行均衡性优于市郊;基于偏最小二乘回归构建的运行均衡性影响因素评价模型对工作日和非工作日解释能力分别为97.9%和87.7%,交叉有效性分别为0.863和0.652;建成环境对工作日和非工作日商业综合体公共自行车运行均衡性的作用路径存在差异;影响工作日商业综合体公共自行车运行均衡性的主要建成环境因子是人行道长度、主干道长度、地铁可达性,而影响非工作日商业综合体公共自行车运行均衡性的主要建成环境因子则主要是土地利用混合度、主干道长度、人行道长度;骑行环境是商业综合体公共自行车运行均衡性的主要影响因素。

The urban commercial synthesis has a strong attraction to the public bicycle passenger flow,and the public bicycle passenger flow in the commercial synthesis shows significant spatial-temporal equilibrium.In order to analyze the causes of the difference of spatial-temporal distribution of public bicycles in commercial synthesis,first,combining with the commercial synthesis basic information data,public bicycle operation data and built environment data,comprehensively considering the equilibrium of the public bicycle operation space distribution and the equilibrium of station operation,the evaluation indicator system for the equilibrium of public bicycle operation is established.Then,the evaluation model of the factors affecting the operation equilibrium is built and the influence mechanism of the built environment on the operation equilibrium of public bicycles is analyzed by using the partial least square regression method.Finally,taking Kunming for example,the verification analysis is conducted.The result shows that(1)the spatial distribution equilibrium of public bicycle in commercial synthesis on working days is better than that of nonworking days in Kunming,and the station operation equilibrium in urban central areas is better than that in suburbs;(2)the explanatory ability of the equilibrium influencing factor evaluation model based on partial least squares regression is 97.9%and 87.7%respectively on working days and non-working days,and the cross effectiveness is 0.863 and 0.652 respectively;(3)the built environment has different effect paths on the equilibrium of public bicycles in the commercial synthesis area on working days and non-working days;(4)the main built environmental factors that affect the equilibrium of public bicycles in commercial synthesis on working days are sidewalk length,main road length,and the accessibility of subway,while the main built environmental factors that affect the equilibrium of public bicycles in commercial synthesis on non-weekdays are mainly land use mixing degree,main road length,and sidewalk length;(5)the cycling environment is the main factor affecting the equilibrium.