早-晚偏好型新手驾驶员危险感知的特征分析

Characteristics of Risk Perception among Novice Drivers with Morningness or Eveningness Preference

目的为了探讨早晚偏好型新手驾驶员的危险感知特点,为交通安全教育提供启示和参考。方法采用2(早-晚型偏好类型:早间型vs晚间型)×2(实验时间:早间vs晚间)混合实验设计。运用早晚型量表(MEQ),从南通某高校随机选择持有驾照的新手大学生。采用经过汉化修订的英国驾驶理论测试中的危险感知任务检测被试危险感知水平,同时运用Biopac多导生理仪,数据结果采用SPSS20.0进行分析。结果早间型被试危险感知得分显著低于晚间型被试。驾驶员晚间实验时的呼吸频率显著高于早间,早间型驾驶员在晚间实验时的肌电值显著高于其在早间实验时的肌电值。结论驾驶员危险感知过程中的肌电、呼吸受时间的影响。不同偏好新手驾驶员的的危险感知水平受到时间的影响,晚间型驾驶员危险感知能力稍高于早间型驾驶员。

Objective In order to investigate the characteristics of risk perception among drivers with morningness or eveningness preferences,and provide reference for traffic safety.Methods A 2(morningness-eveningness preferences:morning vs evening)×2(experimental time:morning vs evening)mixed experiment was designed.Colleges students in Nantong as novice drivers were selected randomly in the experiment using the morning and evening type scale(MEQ).All the participants completed a risk perception task.At the same time,Biopac multi-channel physiological instrument was used to monitor participants'physiological changes during the risk perception task.Spss20.0 was used to analyze the data.Results In the morning experiment,the risk perception score of morning type subjects was significantly lower than that of evening type subjects.The respiratory rate of the drivers in the evening experiment was significantly higher than that in the morning,and the EMG value of the morning drivers in the evening experiment was significantly higher than that in their morning experiment.Conclusion The EMG and respiration of the driver in the process of hazard perception were affected by the experiment time.The hazard perception performance between novice drivers with morningness preference and evening preference was affected by the experiment time,and the hazard perception ability of eveningness preference type was slightly higher than that of morningness preference type.