收益-损失框架下个人与公共利益博弈对合作倾向的影响

The Influence of the Game Between Individual and Public Interest on the Cooperative Tendency Under the Benefit-loss Framework

目的新冠疫情初期,口罩缺失给人们造成了公共两难困境,人们在损失或收益两种情境下分别产生不同程度的合作意愿,本研究探究框架效应对人们在公共两难困境下的抗疫合作行为的影响。方法以277名大学生为研究对象,采用2(公共物品、公共资源)×2(收益、损失)的混合设计实验。结果框架主效应显著,个体在收益情景的合作水平更高;公共两难主效应显著,个体在公共物品困境中的合作水平更高。损失-收益情境与不同公共两难困境的交互作用显著,在损失情境下,个体在公共资源博弈中比在公共物品博弈中的合作水平更高,在收益情境下,个体在公共物品博弈比在公共资源博弈中的合作水平更高。结论在个人与公共利益的博弈中,个体的抗疫合作倾向受框架效应的影响,所以在社会合作中应该注意损失-收益情境对个体合作倾向的促进或抑制作用。

Objective To explore the anthropomorphic characteristics of virtual chatbots and how their anthropomorphic characteristics affected users'willingness to accept virtual chatbots.Methods Factor analysis,multivariate analysis of variance,multiple linear regression analysis and machine learning(BP neural network and support vector machine SVM)were used to statistically analyse the questionnaire data of 500 users.Results The anthropomorphism characteristics of a virtual chatbot(appearance anthropomorphism and dialogue anthropomorphism)had a significant impact on perceived sociality,perceived similarity,perceived logic,and perceived dialogue.The more significant the anthropomorphic characteristics of the virtual chatbot,the higher the user's psychological perception,the more positive emotion that a user experienced,the stronger the user's willingness to accept;Four anthropomorphic perception factors could be used to classify the anthropomorphic degree of a virtual chatbot,and predict users'acceptance intention.Conclusion The anthropomorphic perception of virtual chat robot will affect the users'emotional experience,thus affecting users'willingness to accept virtual chatbots.The research provides a reference for the future design of anthropomorphic characteristics of virtual chatbots.