数字之利与数字之弊:短视频对农村居民的影响

Digital Dividend and Digital Harm:Effects of Short Video Application on Rural Residents

以理性成瘾理论为根基,基于全国五省市农村地区的一手调研数据,使用工具变量法实证分析了短视频对农村居民时间分配和身体健康的影响。结果发现,短视频是一把“双刃剑”,短视频通过为农村居民提供有益信息促进了其非农劳动时间的增加,带来了数字红利;同时,短视频长时间的静态使用行为增加了农村居民患超重、肥胖的风险,危害其身体健康。短视频的“红利”作用仅体现在日均用时0.5小时以内的群体中,而对沉迷于短视频的农村居民来说,短视频带来了对身体健康的不利影响,尤其对日均用时多于2小时农村居民的生产劳动(农业、非农劳动时间)和身体健康产生了严重的双重危害,且短视频对年轻女性居民的健康尤为不利。应高度警惕短视频的危害,避免其发展成为“数字鸦片”,可探索按照短视频内容进行分类、分级限制管理,以保留其优势、规避其危害。

In order to explore whether short video application brings digital dividend or digital harm for rural residents,based on a survey data of rural areas in five provinces of China,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of short video on rural residents’time allocation and health by using instrumental variable method.The results show that short video is a“double-edged sword”for rural residents.The use of short-video increases their non-farm labor time by providing useful information about non-farm work,which brings digital dividend for rural residents;However,the use of short video increases the risk of overweight and obesity by reducing the exercise of rural residents,which harms their health.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the“digital dividend”effect of short-video is only significant in groups who use it within 0.5 hour per day,while short video has completely adverse effects on rural residents who excessively use it.The adverse effects of short video on health are more serious for young female residents.