有机密集——鄂东北传统聚落的气候适宜性策略

Organic Aggregation-A Strategy for Climate Suitability of Traditional Settlements in Northeast Hubei

鄂东北传统聚落中的气候策略贯穿了总体布局、建筑单体乃至细部。“外石内木”及“天井式”的单体构成,使民居像楔子般扎入到土地之中,抵御外界不良气候,围护出受环境干扰较小的内部空间。这种内向式布局使得聚落得以密集建造,从而优化整体的热工性能并节约用地,我们称之为有机密集。其特征在于顺应地势、狭窄的“凉巷”系统、建筑形体前高后低、以天井为单元、密集建造等。这些气候适宜性策略,有利于在城镇化过程中建设适应地域气候的节能、节地型乡村聚落。

The climate strategies of traditional settlements in northeast Hubei province related to overall layout,monomer construction and even details.The monomer of"outer stone and inside wood"and"the form of patio"make the historic buildings like a wedge tie into the land to against the adverse climate and encircle the internal space of less environment influence.This type of introverted layout make the settlement built intensive,to optimize the thermal performance and save more space,which we called the organic aggregation.The characteristics are these following that conforming to the terrain,the system of narrow cool lane,theform of the higher front and lower back,intensive construction and a patio as a unit.These climate suitability strategies are beneficial to the energy-saving construction of the regionalclimateand land-savingruralsettlements.