新冠肺炎疫情期间山西口岸出境人员健康宣教策略研究

Research on health education strategies for outbound personnel at Shanxi port duringCOVID-19 epidemic

目的 了解新冠肺炎疫情期间山西口岸出境人员对国际旅行健康教育需求及旅行医学认知的现状,为出境人员进行健康宣教策略研究提供科学依据。方法 采用整群随机抽样法,选择2022年1-6月自山西口岸出境人员600名,用自行设计的调查问卷,对其进行国际旅行健康教育需求及旅行医学认知的问卷调查。结果 近半数出境者对于国外旅行可能感染新冠肺炎或其他传染病的风险认知较高,占55.69%;有62.30%的人担心体检不合格被拒绝入境;希望从国际旅行卫生保健中心的健康咨询中了解目的地的传染病疫情动态及预防接种相关知识、相关疾病的防病知识的比例很高,分别占83.02%、70.46%;出境者对于出境接种疫苗能预防哪些疾病知晓率较低,占42.78%;76.91%的调查对象表示愿意在回国后到保健中心做复检,以筛查并判断是否在国外感染疾病。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,文化程度是国际旅行健康教育需求及旅行医学认知的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 完善新冠肺炎疫情下出境旅行医学科普知识体系,提升国际旅行医学能力建设,规范国际旅行健康服务,降低跨境传染病输入风险。

Objective To understand the current situation of the demand for international travel health education and travel medicine cognition of outbound personnel at Shanxi port during the COVID-19 epidemic,and to provide scientific basis for health education strategies of outbound personnel.Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to select 600 abroad persons from Shanxi port from January to June 2022,and the self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct on health education needs and travel medicine cognition.Results Nearly half of those who left China had a high awareness of the risk of infecting COVID-19 or other infectious diseases while traveling abroad,accounted for 55.69%.62.30% were worried that they would be refused entry if they failed the medical examination.The proportion of people who understood the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in the destination and the knowledge about vaccination and disease prevention knowledge of related diseases was very high,accounted for 83.02%and 70.46% respectively.The awareness rate of outbound people about which diseases could be prevented by vaccination was relatively low,42.78%.76.91%of the respondents expressed their willingness to go to healthcare center for re-examination after returning to China,so as to screen and determine whether they had infectious diseases abroad.Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that education level was an independent influencing factor for international travel health education demand and travel medical cognition(P<0.05).Conclusion It is necessary to improve the medical science knowledge system for outbound travel under COVID-19 epidemic,enhance the capacity building of international travel medicine,and standardize international travel health services,thereby reducing the risk of cross-border infectious disease importation.