城市民间信仰仪式的声景建构——以福州“游神”活动为例

Soundscape Construction of Urban Folk Belief Rituals:the Case of the "Deities Parade" in Fuzhou

民间信仰是传统社会生活模式的折射,城市是现代化生活方式上演的舞台,城市中民间信仰仪式的声景建构,是城市居民日常生活方式与传统文化观念之间矛盾与共生的体现。论文从福州民间信仰仪式中的“游神”活动入手,来探讨城市化环境下,传统民间信仰仪式声音景观的建构与变迁。一方面,在快速流动的现代化社会中,民间信仰仪式的声音空间被重塑,城市“噪音”为其塑造了新的声音基调,信仰仪式活动中民间艺术的传统性逐渐被削弱;另一方面,新的声音和新的“传统”不断诞生,丰富着城市的多元声音景观,而民间信仰及其孕育出的传统音乐文化,则是城市地方声景和文化记忆塑造中不可或缺的根基。

Folk belief is the reflection of traditional social life pattern,city is the stage for the modern way of life,and the soundscape construction of urban folk belief rituals is the embodiment of the contradiction and symbiosis between urban residents'daily lifestyle and traditional cultural concepts.Taking the"Deities Parade"ritual in Fuzhou as an example,this paper discusses the construction and change of the soundscape of traditional folk belief ritual under the urbanization environment.On the one hand,the sound space of folk belief rituals has been reshaped in a fast-moving modern society,making noise a new tone of sound,so the tradition of folk art in belief rituals has been gradually weakened.On the other hand,new sounds and new"traditions"have come into being constantly,which enriches diverse urban soundscapes and makes folk belief and traditional music culture it bears the indispensable foundations in shaping local soundscape and cultural memory.