全固态锂电池有机-无机复合电解质研究进展

Research progress of organic-inorganic composite electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries

目前锂离子电池由于使用液态电解液面临着诸多问题,如工作温度范围窄、热稳定性差、容易泄露和生成锂枝晶等。发展全固态锂电池是提升电池能量密度和安全性的可行途径之一,而作为锂电池材料研究热点的有机-无机复合固态电解质,由于其兼具有机物和无机物的优点,有望运用于下一代全固态锂电池之中。本文首先概述了固态电解质的种类及传导机制,而后详细阐述了有机-无机复合固态电解质中聚合物基质和锂盐的选择以及不同维度无机填料对电解质性能尤其是力学性能的影响,最后提出了有机-无机复合固态电解质的研究总结与展望。

At present,lithium-ion batteries face many problems due to the use of liquid electrolytes,such as narrow operating temperature range,poor thermal stability,easy leakage,and formation of lithium dendrites.The development of all-solid-state lithium batteries is one of the feasible ways to improve the energy density and safety of batteries.In this paper,the types and conduction mechanisms of solid electrolytes are firstly summarized,and then the selection of polymer matrix and lithium salt in organic-inorganic composite solid electrolytes and the effects of inorganic fillers of different dimensions on electrolyte properties,especially mechanical properties,are described in detail.Finally,the research summary and prospect of organic-inorganic composite solid electrolytes are presented.