原位成纤复合泡沫材料的研究进展

Research progress of in-situ fibrous composite foamed material

原位成纤复合泡沫材料是针对原位微纤化(In-situ micro fibrillation,IMF)复合材料,基于微孔发泡工艺制备的一种泡沫材料。除了具有传统泡沫材料质轻、减震、隔热、降噪等性能外,IMF复合材料内部纤维网络结构的存在显著改善了基体的微孔发泡行为,使得原位成纤复合发泡材料成为一种兼具高强度和功能化的新型泡沫材料。首先概述了IMF复合材料的制备工艺及IMF工艺过程调控因素,重点分析了IMF网络结构对复合材料结晶和流变行为的影响,其次综述了针对不同IMF复合材料体系和微孔发泡工艺的原位成纤复合泡沫材料的制备方法和泡孔结构调控手段,阐述并列举了其力学性能强韧化机制和在隔热和油水分离领域的应用,最后展望了原位成纤复合泡沫材料未来的研究方向。

In-situ fibrous composite foamed material is one type of foams,which is based on in-situ micro fibrillation(IMF)composites and microcellular foaming technology.In addition to the performance of traditional foamed materials such as light weight,shock absorption,insulation,noise reduction,etc.,the presence of fiber network structure constructed in IMF composite can significantly improve the microcellular foaming ability of the matrix.Leading to the in-situ fibrous composite foamed material is a kind of new foam with high strength and functionality.This paper first summarized the fabrication process of IMF composites and regulatory factors.The influence of IMF network structure on the crystallization and rheological behaviors were emphatically analyzed.Then reviewed the preparation and pore structure regulation methods of in-situ fibrous composite foamed materials for various IMF composites and microcellular foaming process.The mechanism of strong mechanical properties and application in the field of heat insulation and oil-water separation were then elaborated and listed.Finally,looking forward to the future research directions of in-situ fibrous composite foamed materials.