2021年江苏省放射工作人员外周血细胞结果分析

Analysis on peripheral blood cell results of radiation workers in Jiangsu Province in 2021

目的了解放射工作人员在长期低剂量电离辐射下外周血白细胞计数(white blood cell count,WBC)的整体情况,为改进放射防护措施,保障放射工作人员职业健康提供依据。方法选择2021年江苏省1307名放射工作人员为调查对象,按不同的岗位状态、性别、年龄、工龄、工作单位性质及级别等分类汇总,比较分析放射工作人员外周血白细胞的整体状况。结果2021年江苏省1307名放射工作人员在岗期间健康检查人数最多(85.5%),岗前(7.2%)及离岗(7.3%)人数较少。离岗放射工作人员WBC、淋巴细胞(lymphocyte,LYM)数和中性粒细胞(neutrophils,NEU)数最低,岗前最高,3组间差异均有统计学意义(F=10.025、20.618、3.111,均P<0.01)。在岗期间的放射工作人员,女性WBC水平低于男性(F=5.408,P<0.01),WBC异常率高于男性(χ^(2)=3.980,P<0.05);不同年龄组间WBC比较差异有统计学意义(F=6.914,P<0.01),其中41~<51岁的WBC最低;不同工龄组间WBC比较差异有统计学意义(F=4.982,P<0.01),其中工龄21~<31年的WBC最低,不同工龄组间白细胞分类计数以NEU降低为主。核电工业放射工作人员WBC低于医疗放射工作人员(P<0.05),以NEU降低为主。医疗放射人员中省级医院WBC最低、区级医院WBC最高(F=22.388,P<0.01)。结论2021年江苏省1307名放射工作人员长期低剂量电离辐射影响白细胞分类计数,从事核电工业的放射工作人员WBC低于医疗放射工作人员。女性、高工龄、从事核电工业和省级医院的放射工作人员更易发生职业性WBC降低,应进一步加强此类人群的日常管理和放射防护。

Objective To understand the overall situation of peripheral blood cell count of radiation workers under long-term lowdose ionizing radiation,so as to provide basis for improving radiation protection measures and ensuring occupational health of radiation workers.Methods A total of 1307 radiation workers in Jiangsu Province in 2021 were selected as the research subjects.According to different post status,gender,age,working age,nature and rank of work unit,the overall situation of peripheral blood cell of radiation workers was compared and analyzed.Results Among 1307 radiation workers in Jiangsu Province in 2021,number of workers with on-the-job health examination was the largest(85.5%),while the number of workers with pre-job(7.2%)and off-post(7.3%)health examination was the smallest.The number of white blood cell count(WBC),lymphocyte count(LYM)and neutrophil count(NEU)of the off-post radiation workers were the lowest,while those of the pre-job radiation workers were the highest,and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(F=10.025,20.618,3.111,all P<0.01).Among the on-the-job radiation workers,the level of WBC in females was lower than that in males(F=5.408,P<0.01),and WBC abnormality rate was higher than that in males(χ^(2)=3.980,P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in WBC among different age groups(F=6.914,P<0.01),and the WBC was the lowest among workers aged 41-<51 years old.There was statistically significant difference in WBC among different working-age groups(F=4.982,P<0.01),and the WBC in workers with 21-<31 years of working-age was the lowest.Among white blood cell classification count,the difference in decreased neutrophils(NEU)was statistically significant among different working-age groups.The level of WBC of radiological workers in nuclear power industry was lower than that of medical radiological workers(P<0.05),mainly decreased neutrophils.Among medical radiological workers,the level of WBC in provincial hospitals was the lowest,while that in district hospitals was the highest(F=22.388,P<0.01).Conclusions Among 1307 radiation workers in Jiangsu Province in 2021,the long-term low-dose ionizing radiation affect white blood cell classification count levels,and WBC of radiation workers in nuclear power industry is lower than that of medical radiation workers.The workers who are female,senior working age,engaged in nuclear power industry and provincial hospitals are more likely to have lower occupational WBC.So daily management and radiation protection of these people should be further strengthened.