早产儿败血症诊治研究进展

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of septicemia in premature infants

早产儿免疫功能发育不完善,且住院期间常接受侵袭性操作,败血症(septicemia)发生风险较高,可根据早发性败血症(early-onset septicemia)和晚发性败血症(late-onset septicemia)的分类进行经验性治疗及明确病原体后的目标性治疗。此外,还可通过补充益生菌、乳铁蛋白及维生素D等预防早产儿败血症和坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis)等并发症。血培养是目前确诊败血症的金标准,但由于耗时长、假阴性率高,还需结合其他生物标志物综合判断。现就近年来早产儿败血症诊治研究进展作一综述,旨在为临床提供参考。

Preterm infants with underdeveloped immune function and often receive invasive procedures during hospitalization,they have a higher risk of septicemia.The treatment of septicemia can be empirical therapy according to the classification of early-onset septicemia and late-onset septicemia,and targeted therapy after identifying the pathogen.In addition,probiotics,lactoferrin and vitamin D supplements can be used to prevent complications such as septicemia and necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants.Blood culture is currently the gold standard for the diagnosis of septicemia,but due to its long time consuming and high false negative rate,comprehensive judgment should be combined with other biomarkers.This article reviewed the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of septicemia in premature infants in recent years,in order to provide reference for clinical.