具身伦理下ChatGPT的法律规制及中国路径

Legal Regulation and Chinese Approach to the ChatGPT under Embodied Ethics

既有规则的延伸适用和法律解释足以应对ChatGPT在内容生成、数据保护、劳动替代方面的现实性“近忧”,但无法解决因其使动性和嵌入性引发的人类在现实世界、虚拟世界的生存性“远虑”。界限日益模糊的人机关系重构须回归具身认知;身体在主客之间的可逆性、在自我与他者之间的穿梭性揭示出关怀投射、和谐共融、互促互进的伦理规范。在当下面向,可通过部门法联动、社会保障政策完善、反垄断规则细化处置技术失范;在本土面向,宜依托举国体制抹平数据飞轮效应、推进多方共治提升技术赋能、建立健全适应技术发展的教育体系;在未来面向,应以进展把控为目标完善通用人工智能立法,以内觉开显为导向促进人机共生演化,以熵增减缓为原则构建全新硅基伦理。

The extended application and legal interpretation of existing rules are sufficient to deal with ChatGPT's immediate realistic concerns associated with content generation,data protection and labor substitution,yet they cannot solve the long-term concerns brought about by Chat-GPT's mobility and embedment attributes in relation to human's survival in the real or virtual world.The reconstruction of human-machine relationship with obscure boundary must return to the embodied cognition;the reversibility of the body between the subject and the object,and the shuttling probability between self and others reveal an ethical norm of caring,harmony and integration,mutual promotion and prosperity.At present,the technical anomie can be dealt with department law interaction,social security policy improvement and anti-monopoly rules.In the locality aspect,we should rely on the nationwide system to smooth the data flywheel effect,and strengthen the multi-governance so as to enhance technology empowerment,and establish a sound education system that can adapt to the development of AI.In the future,AI legislation should be perfected with the goal of progress control,human-machine symbiotic evolution should be promoted with the guidance of inner awareness,and silicon-based ethics should be constructed based on the principle of mitigation of entropy generation.