工作-家庭溢出压力、心理资本对三级甲等医院护士职业紧张的影响

Effects of work-family spillover stress and psychological capital on occupational stress of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital

目的了解无锡市三级甲等医院临床护士工作-家庭溢出压力、心理资本和职业紧张状况,并探讨工作-家庭溢出压力和心理资本对职业紧张的影响。方法2021年10—12月,采用方便抽样法抽取无锡市3家三级甲等医院临床护士186名作为调查对象,采用工作-家庭溢出压力量表、心理资本量表和职业紧张量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果三级甲等医院临床护士工作-家庭溢出压力得分为(13.24±2.16)分,心理资本得分为(82.84±16.62)分,职业紧张得分为(332.42±64.28)分。不同科室、年龄、工龄、学历、职称、婚姻状况、月收入、每月夜班频次的三级甲等医院临床护士工作-家庭溢出压力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、工龄、职称、月收入的三级甲等医院临床护士心理资本得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同科室、年龄、工龄、职称、婚姻状况、月收入、每月夜班频次的三级甲等医院临床护士职业紧张得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。三级甲等医院临床护士工作-家庭溢出压力与职业紧张呈正相关(r=0.685,P<0.01),心理资本与职业紧张呈负相关(r=-0.579,P<0.01),工作-家庭溢出压力与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.586,P<0.01)。三级甲等医院临床护士心理资本在工作-家庭溢出压力和职业紧张之间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.234,占总效应的43.17%。结论心理资本在临床护士工作-家庭溢出压力对职业紧张的影响过程中起部分中介作用,护理管理者为降低护士的职业紧张需要提高护士的心理资本水平,从而降低工作-家庭溢出压力对职业紧张的影响作用。

Objective To understand the status of work-family spillover stress,psychological capital and occupational stress of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital in Wuxi City,explore the effects of work family spillover stress and psychological capital on nurses'occupational stress.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,186 clinical nurses from three grade-A tertiary hospital in Wuxi City were selected as the survey objects from October to December 2021.The work-family spillover stress scale,psychological capital scale and occupational stress scale were used in the investigation,and the data were analyzed.Results The score of work-family spillover stress of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital was(13.24±2.16)points,the score of psychological capital was(82.84±16.62)points,and the score of occupational stress was(332.42±64.28)points.There were statistically significant differences in the score of work-family spillover stress among grade-A tertiary hospital nurses in different department,age,length of service,educational background,professional title,marital status,monthly income and monthly night shift frequency(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the score of psychological capitala mong grade-A tertiary hospital nurses in different age,length of service,professional title and monthly income(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in occupational stress scoreamong grade-A tertiary hospital nurses in different department,age,length of service,professional title,marital status,monthly income and monthly night shift frequency(all P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between work-family spillover stress and occupational stress(r=0.685,P<0.01),a negative correlation between psychological capital and occupational stress(r=-0.579,P<0.01),and a negative correlation between work-family spillover stress and psychological capital(r=-0.586,P<0.01).The psychological capital of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital played a partial mediating role between work-family spillover pressure and occupational stress,and the mediating effect was 0.234,accounting for 43.17%of the total effect.Conclusion The psychological capital plays a partial intermediary role in the impact of work-family spillover pressure on occupational stress of clinical nurses.In order to reduce the occupational stress of nurses,nursing managers need to improve the level of psychological capital of nurses,so as to reduce the impact of work family spillover pressure on occupational stress.