北京市高中生个人音频设备使用及听力损害情况

Personal audio device use and hearing impairment among high school students in Beijing

目的了解高中生使用个人音频设备与听力损害情况,为开展青少年听力保健工作提供参考。方法采用简单随机抽样法,抽取北京市1768名高中生为研究对象,使用自编问卷对个人音频播放器(personal audio players,PAP)和耳机使用情况、听力损害情况进行问卷调查,对听力损害相关因素采用多因素Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果高中生的PAP和耳机使用率分别为98.64%,94.12%,且女生的使用率(99.68%,96.42%)均较男生(97.43%,91.43%)高(χ^(2)值分别为16.69,19.79,P值均<0.01);听力损害者占13.35%。Logistic回归分析显示,PAP使用年限(OR=1.59)是听力损害的相关因素(P<0.05);性别(OR=0.60)、入耳式耳机(OR=1.38)、耳塞式耳机(OR=1.37)、安静环境使用>1 h(OR=1.50)是耳机使用中/后听力损害症状的独立影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论高中生的个人音频设备使用率较高,存在听力损害及相关症状,应减少非必要的使用。

Objective To explore the use of personal audio devices and hearing impairment among high school students,so as to provide reference for the development of adolescent hearing health work.Methods The simple random sampling method was used to collect research data relating to 1768 high school students.The situation of personal audio players,headphone and hearing damage were investigated by using a self⁃designed questionnaire,so as to identify the related factors of hearing impairment which were analyzed statistically by multivariate Logistic regression.Results The use rate of PAP and earphones was 98.64%and 94.12%,respectively,and the use rate of female students(99.68%,96.42%)was higher than that of male students(97.43%,91.43%)(χ^(2)=16.69,19.79,P<0.01).Hearing impairment accounted for 13.35%.The Logistic regression analysis showed that PAP service years(OR=1.59,P<0.05)were related to hearing impairment.Gender(OR=0.60),in⁃ear earphones(OR=1.38),earplug earphones(OR=1.37),and quiet use>1 h(OR=1.50)were independently influenced with symptoms of hearing impair⁃ment during/after earphone use(P<0.05).Conclusion High usage rates of personal audio equipment among high school students lead to hearing impairment and related symptoms.Non⁃essential use should be reduced.