阶段恢复训练对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的影响

Effects of stage recovery training on children with autism spectrum disorder

目的探讨阶段恢复训练对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的影响,为科学合理制定康复恢复训练计划提供参考。方法筛选泸州市儿童医院59名孤独症谱系障碍儿童为研究对象,并随机分为对照组、干预Ⅰ组、干预Ⅱ组进行T1-T44个阶段恢复训练,干预Ⅰ组和干预Ⅱ组分别侧重运动类及补交类训练。训练前后,利用自闭症行为量表(ABC)筛查患儿的感觉、语言、动作、交往以及生活自理能力。结果3组儿童(ABC)总体评分在T1和T2阶段差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),在T3和T4阶段差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.98,5.09,P值均<0.05),且表现为干预Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组低于对照组。分维度来看,3组儿童除语言评分差异无统计学意义外(P值均>0.05),感觉、交往、动作、生活自理评分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。相较于对照组,干预Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组儿童总体评分在T3和T4阶段差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。相较于T1阶段,对照组儿童总体评分在T2、T3和T4阶段的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),而干预Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组总体评分在T2~T4阶段的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论阶段恢复训练有助于缓解孤独症谱系障碍儿童的总体症状,侧重体力运动的阶段恢复训练能够有效缓解患儿躯体功能,侧重社交互动的阶段恢复训练更有利于提高患儿社交能力。

Objective To explore the impact of stage recovery training on children with autism spectrum disorder,and to pro⁃vide reference for the scientific and rational rehabilitation and recovery training plans.Methods A total of 59 children with autism spectrum disorder in Luzhou were recruited and randomly divided into control group,intervention group Ⅰ and intervention group Ⅱ for 4 stages of T1-T4 recovery training.Before and after the training,Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC)was used to assess child's sensation,language,motor,communication and self⁃care ability.Results There was no significant difference in the overall score of the ABC among the three groups in T1 and T2 stages(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in T3 and T4 stages(F=3.98,5.09,P<0.05),which showed the intervention group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were lower than the control group.In terms of dimen⁃sions,in addition to the insignificant difference in language scores(P>0.05),there were significant differences in feeling,commu⁃nication,movement,and self⁃care scores(P<0.05).Overall score of the ABC in intervention group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was lower than the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the overall scores of children in intervention Ⅰ and intervention Ⅱ were significant in both T3 and T4 stages(P<0.05).Compared with T1 stage,there were no significant differences in the overall scores of children in the control group in T2 stage,T3 stage and T4 stage(P>0.05),while significant difference was observed in the intervention group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ in T2-T4 stage(P<0.05).Conclusion Stage recovery training might help to alleviate the overall symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder in sensation,communication,motor development and self⁃care behav⁃iors.The stage recovery training focusing on physical exercise can effectively alleviate the physical function of the child,while those focusing on social interaction is more conducive to improving child's social ability.