苏州市高新区学龄前儿童远视储备相关因素分析

Factors associated with hyperopia reserve among preschoolers in Suzhou High⁃tech Zone

目的了解学龄前儿童的远视储备影响因素,为开展预防儿童近视工作提供科学依据。方法于2020年9—12月对苏州市高新区5087名4岁学龄前儿童进行视力筛查,并对抚养人进行问卷调查。对影响学龄前儿童远视储备的影响因素进行单因素分析和Logistic回归模型分析。结果学龄前儿童中远视储备不足人数为997人,检出率为19.6%。Logistic回归分析显示,女童[OR(95%CI)=0.81(0.70~0.93)]、无食物性过敏原[OR(95%CI)=0.78(0.63~0.96)]与学龄前儿童远视储备不足检出呈负相关;父亲屈光异常[OR(95%CI)=1.20(1.03~1.39)]、母亲屈光异常[OR(95%CI)=1.17(1.01~1.36)]、学龄前儿童夜间睡觉使用小夜灯<1 h[OR(95%CI)=1.53(1.21~1.92)]和1~3 h[OR(95%CI)=1.48(1.09~2.00)]、蔬菜摄入不足[OR(95%CI)=1.26(1.07~1.46)]与学龄前儿童远视储备不足检出呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论父母屈光异常、夜间睡眠环境、饮食因素与学龄前儿童远视储备不足均具有潜在关联,应积极采取相应措施,改善学龄前儿童远视储备。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of preschoolers'hyperopia reserve,and to provide a scientific basis for preschoolers to prevent myopia.Methods Visual screening and a questionnaire survey were conducted on 50874-year⁃old children in Suzhou High-tech Zone from September to December in 2020.The influencing factors of children's hyperopia reserve were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic regression model.Results A total of 997(19.6%)children had hyperopia reserve deficiency.Logistic regression showed that the negative factors associated with hyperopia reserve included being girl(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.70-0.93),no food allergy(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.63-0.96);and the positive factors included father myopia(OR=1.20,95%CI=1.03-1.39),mother myopia(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.01-1.36),exposure of night lights(for less than 1 hour:OR=1.53,95%CI=1.21-1.92;for 1 to 3 hours:OR=1.48,95%CI=1.09-2.00),insufficient vegetable intake(OR=1.26,95%CI=1.07-1.46)(P<0.05).Conclusion Parental myopia,nighttime sleep environment and dietary factors have potential associations with hyperopia reserve deficiency among children.Corresponding measures should be actively taken to improve the preschoolers'hypero⁃pia reserve.